10th U6+ Consortium of African Universities International Conference

The hospitality sector is one of the significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions yet its impact on the environment remains under researched globally. Star-rated hotels in Nairobi City engage in resource-intensive operations whose carbon footprints have not been modelled systematically using data-driven approaches. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of key hotel...

Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) is a high-value industrial crop, primely cultivated for natural bioactive pyrethrin in the current global shift from synthetic pesticides. However, production remains constrained by manual, labour-intensive and selective harvesting of mature flower heads due to complex physico-mechanical characteristics, crop morphology and the necessity to preserve...

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The deposition of copper oxide nanostructures on the anatase phase of a (101)-TiO2 surface to increase the reduction of CO2 has gained significant interest and has great potential for sustainable energy economy. In the present work, we studied a heterogeneous surface for the reduction of CO2, which can produce various organic compounds such as formic acid, formaldehyde, methanol, ethanol, and...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly transforming teaching, learning, and research in higher education. The widespread availability of AI-powered tools such as ChatGPT has enhanced access to information, personalized learning, and academic support. However, the rapid adoption of these technologies has also raised concerns regarding excessive dependence on AI, reduced critical thinking,...

Lipid peroxidation products in French fries are a potential risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Malondialdehyde and methylglyoxal are among the most pathophysiologically-relevant lipid peroxidation products, but are generally not regarded as major products of the oxidation of linoleic acid- or monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-rich oils, because mechanisms of their formation from such...

Chromium-laden tannery effluent discharged into the Sagana River, Kirinyaga County, Kenya, exceeds the regulatory thresholds set by NEMA and the WHO, threatening aquatic biodiversity, irrigation water quality, and community health. Conventional treatment technologies remain economically prohibitive to resource-constrained Kenyan industrial settings, renewing interest in rhizofiltration using...

The integration of institutional information systems has become a critical component of digital transformation in higher education. This study examines the integration of the Koha Integrated Library Management System (ILMS) with the University of Eldoret Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) platform specifically the ABN Unisol system to automate patron registration and improve library service...

Darwin’s Tree of Life has long served as the dominant framework for explaining biological diversity. It depicts all organisms as descending from a single common ancestor through a branching pattern of descent with modification. Historically, it has provided a coherent conceptual foundation, but recent advances in molecular biology, and genomics has challenged its universality and explanatory...

Efficient second-harmonic generation (SHG) in thin-film lithium niobate-on-insulator (TFLNOI) waveguides requires accurate phase matching between interacting optical modes. Conventional approaches such as quasi-phase matching (QPM) achieve high efficiency but require complex periodic domain engineering, while modal phase matching (MPM) is highly sensitive to fabrication imperfections and lacks...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections with limited treatment options due to multidrug resistance. Medicinal plants Artemisia annua and Aloe barbadensis have demonstrated antibacterial activity, but the specific bioactive compounds and their molecular targets remain largely unknown. This study employed molecular docking to...

Social network platforms have evolved and their usage is now spanning across numerous applications. This popularity is occasioned by the recent increase in number of internet users who utilize these networking platforms for mutual interactions. In spite of these successes, the surging social interactions have attracted adversaries, who now target these networks with spam contents. These...

Generally, ground water flow in porous media on microscopic level is three-dimensional. However, when we consider regional flow problems, that is ground water flow on a microscopic level, it is noted that because of the low ratio of aquifer thickness to horizontal length the flow in the aquifer is practically horizontal. Flow in confined aquifers is therefore described by a two-dimensional...

In Kenya, the construction industry is undergoing significant transformation, with many individuals expressing concern over the increasingly programmatic nature of building homes. While construction has traditionally been seen as a personal and flexible endeavor, recent trends suggest that people are encountering more challenges and regulations that make it difficult for them to build homes...

Propensity Score Matching (PSM) is widely used to estimate causal treatment effects from observational data by reducing confounding bias arising from non-random treatment assignment. Conventional propensity score estimation based on logistic regression may, however, inadequately capture complex nonlinear relationships and interactions among covariates, potentially leading to suboptimal...

This study aims to translate selected Artificial Intelligence (AI) terminology into the Yoruba language to enhance vocabulary and technical understanding within the Yoruba-speaking community, while aligning with the human-centered and sustainability-driven ethos of the Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) in Africa. Moving beyond the efficiency-focused paradigm of the Fourth Industrial Revolution...

Environmental changes associated with global warming have altered human activities within ecological zones, leading to the emergence of new habitats suitable for malaria vectors. In Bungoma County, located in the western Kenya highlands, populations of malaria vectors remain dynamic due to environmental factors that favor the growth and development of Anopheles gambiae. Land-use changes...

The environmental impact associated with the production of Portland cement has intensified interest in sustainable alternatives such as lime-based binders. However, their application is constrained by low early strength and slow hardening. This study evaluates rice husk ash (RHA) and sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) as pozzolanic additives to enhance the mechanical performance and durability of...

The global use of wood fuel for cooking and heating has devastating negative health effects, with 2 million deaths annually from pneumonia, cancer, and chronic lung diseases due to exposure to pollution from biomass combustion, including polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Acrylamide is a chemical compound that naturally forms in starchy, plant-based foods during high-temperature cooking...

In the pursuit of promoting good health, sustainable environment and efficient agriculture, genetics and genomics have emerged as indispensable tools. The University of Eldoret Genetics and Genomics Research and Training Laboratory (FGGRTL) is dedicated to leveraging molecular biology and cutting-edge technologies for the enhancement of agricultural and health practices. This abstract presents...

This study conducts a comprehensive numerical analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in a two-dimensional channel featuring various obstacle configurations. The obstacles are intentionally positioned within the channel to assess their influence on fluid dynamics and thermal efficiency. By employing the finite element method, the study solves the Navier-Stokes and energy...

African universities have progressed rapidly in terms of establishment, student enrolment, research activity, and institutional presence. However, this growth has not translated into proportional innovation outcomes. This reveals a dogged innovation gap between knowledge generation, practical application and economic impact. This paper examines the nature and drivers of this gap, focusing on...

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterised by persistent hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress, and systemic complications. Current treatments, including metformin, are often costly, inaccessible, and associated with adverse side effects, necessitating affordable plant-based alternatives. Vernonia auriculifera is traditionally used for diabetes management across sub-Saharan...

Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.), a monocotyledonous member of the Cyperaceae family, is valued for its oil-rich, starchy, protein-containing tubers. While the species is commercially produced in many countries, it exists mainly as a weed in farmlands and uncultivated areas in Kenya and much of East Africa. Given ongoing efforts to combat malnutrition through nutritious locally sourced...

Anaerobic digestion is a proven technology for renewable energy production. However, its efficiency is often limited by poor hydrodynamic mixing within the digester, which results in dead zones, reduced mass transfer, and uneven substrate distribution, thus ultimately lowering methane production. This study therefore investigates the influence of hydrodynamics on mixing efficiency and...

Construction of road networks by the Kenya National Highways Authority (KeNHA) in the North Rift Region is essential for improving regional integration, trade and socio-economic growth in support of Kenya's Vision 2030. However, such projects have been plagued by issues including cost overruns, delays and quality issues. This research seeks to investigate the association between monitoring and...

The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in African universities is transforming teaching, learning, research, and administrative processes by enhancing efficiency, improving access to educational resources, and supporting data-driven decision-making. As higher education institutions across Africa increasingly integrate AI-powered tools such as intelligent tutoring systems, automated...

Effective communication is fundamental to quality healthcare, particularly in fertility care where emotional support, informed consent, diagnosis, and treatment options depend on mutual understanding between healthcare providers and patients. However, language diversity remains a significant barrier, especially for international patients seeking fertility services in Kenya. Studies show that...

Liver cirrhosis is the end-stage consequence of chronic liver injury, characterized by progressive fibrosis, nodular regeneration, and loss of normal liver architecture and function. It results from long-standing liver inflammation and damage caused by a variety of etiologies including chronic viral hepatitis (HBV, HCV), alcohol abuse, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), autoimmune...

The Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) offers Africa an opportunity to drive digital transformation by centering people, indigenous knowledge, and inclusive innovation. Yet African biodiversity, cultural heritage, indigenous knowledge, and locally generated research remain fragmented across repositories, museums, libraries, and community collections, limiting discoverability, interoperability,...

In this paper, we formulated a mathematical model using the concept of optimal control, where the state of the system is governed by a differential equation controlled by two combatants (combatant A and combatant B) refer to as the evader and pursuer respectively, with conflicting motives. A control u(.) defines a notion where the combatant A tries to escape capture from the combatant B...

The Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) advocates for a human-centered approach to technological advancement, emphasizing the integration of technology with societal values and sustainable development. In Africa, indigenous knowledge systems have long provided communities with solutions to challenges related to health, agriculture, environmental conservation, and conflict resolution. However,...

This study investigated the efficacy of indigenous microbial biosurfactants produced by 7 bacteria isolated from automobile workshop soils in Ilorin, Nigeria, for the bioremediation of petroleum-polluted agricultural land. Following molecular identification and screening via emulsification index (E24) and oil displacement assays, crude biosurfactants were extracted from seven isolates and...

Mathematical frameworks that effectively represent both historical memory e
effects and regional system changes are necessary for modeling the non-linear dynamics of infectious illnesses. The parameters required to account for the hereditary features and localized transmission fluctuations observed in public health data streams throughout Sub-Saharan Africa are frequently absent from...

Cook's distance remains one of the most widely used case-deletion diagnostics for locating influential observations in regression analysis, yet its ordinary least squares formulation is not well suited to panel data in which observations are correlated within units and across time. This article develops and evaluates a generalized Cook's distance for two-way random effects panel data models...

The increasing burden of oxidative stress-related diseases and growing concerns over the safety of synthetic antioxidants have renewed interest in indigenous medicinal plants as sustainable sources of therapeutic agents. This study evaluated the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of Picralima nitida, a medicinal plant widely used in African traditional medicine. Dried plant...

A high-resolution numerical investigation using hybrid Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) coupled with the Finite Difference Method (FDM) is presented on the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) forced convection flow with thermal radiation in a permeable channel with obstacles. The fluid flow within the permeable medium is modeled by the extended Brinkman–Forchheimer equations of motion. The...

This study examines the effects of post-deposition annealing in oxygen (O2) and nitrogen (N2) atmospheres on the structural and surface properties of RF-sputtered Tb4O7 thin films deposited on silicon (Si). Films annealed at 500 °C were compared with an unannealed reference sample. GIXRD analysis reveals that annealing improves crystallinity and promotes grain growth while preserving the cubic...

Millions of people in Northern Nigeria rely on the informal sector as their major source of income, but because they are routinely shut out of official credit and insurance markets, these workers are disproportionately vulnerable to financial shock. This study explores how behavioral finance and inclusive fintech may work together to help this group become more financially resilient. Although...

Interior panels manufactured from foams and synthetic fibres consume significant amounts of energy during production, are non-biodegradable, and are difficult to recycle. On the other hand, agricultural waste continues to accumulate as the population increases. Natural fibres and agricultural residues are increasingly being incorporated into engineering applications because their mechanical...

Flood risk forecasting stands at a critical juncture, as the escalating frequency of extreme weather events, driven by climate change, outpaces the capabilities of conventional hydrological models, particularly in data-sparse regions. There is also an observable gap in the uptake of meteorological predictions by local stakeholders, partly due to prediction unreliability and the process’s...

The cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of metal complexes can be systematically tuned through deliberate modulation of ligand denticity, donor atom composition, and electronic configuration. In this study, a series of novel mixed-ligand nickel(II) and zinc(II) complexes incorporating 6-mercaptopurine and ascorbic acid were prepared, and their structures were elucidated by a...

Forest canopies regulate atmospheric airflow, turbulence, heat transfer, moisture transport and carbon dioxide exchange, thereby influencing local climate. However, accurately representing canopy–atmosphere interactions remain challenging because of vegetation drag and turbulent mixing. Mathematical modelling based on the Navier–Stokes equations provide a physically consistent framework for...

This study intends to ascertained level of awareness and implementation of artificial intelligence tools among Office Technology and Management Students for effective instructional delivery in Polytechnics in Kano State. Two research questions and two null hypotheses will guide the study. The population comprised all National Diploma Students of Federal and State Polytechnics having the total...

Rapid urbanization and increasing vehicle populations have intensified traffic congestion, leading to substantial economic losses, environmental degradation, and reduced mobility. Understanding and mitigating these challenges require mathematically rigorous models capable of capturing the nonlinear interactions that govern traffic dynamics. Although nonlinear differential equation models have...

This study investigates the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in optimizing transportation networks within Edo State, Nigeria, with the aim of improving mobility efficiency, reducing travel costs, and enhancing regional accessibility. The research integrates spatial datasets, including road network shapefiles, traffic volume data, and satellite imagery, to develop a...

Pisum sativum (Green pea) is an exotic vegetable grown for food and contains polyphenol (called coumestrol), which protects against stomach cancer. Seeds of Pisum sativum were analyzed for proximate, antioxidant capacity, and mineral composition using standard analytical methods. The proximate analysis showed the presence of carbohydrate (51.56%), crude protein (22.18%), crude fiber (12.67%),...

Artificial Intelligence has become the dominant paradigm for understanding and engineering intelligent systems. Despite extraordinary advances in computation, prediction, and automation, many of today's most pressing challenges—including declining institutional trust, social fragmentation, ecological instability, and increasingly complex human–technology interactions—remain resistant to purely...