10th U6+ Consortium of African Universities International Conference

Poverty, conflict/crisis, climate change, and poor agricultural practices have been the major contributors to food insecurity in Nigeria, particularly in the cosmopolitan Ilorin Emirate. low income, poor educational system, oil dependency, unemployment, laziness, health challenges, environmental degradation, bad governance, and debt burden have been interconnected to trigger food insecurity in...

Despite achieving political sovereignty, African Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) continue to operate within Eurocentric pedagogical and structural frameworks, leaving full Uhuru (independence) unreleased. This presentation explores the urgent need for decolonial thinking within the academy, positing that current degree structures, research methodologies, and institutional hierarchies...

Mental health and wellbeing have become a concern for university students in Kenya. Cases of anxiety, depression and social distress have been reported comprising 30% of the challenges. Academic pressure, financial hardship, and limited coping mechanisms are cited as the main culprits. Traditional support structures such as religious institutions have diminished in influence, creating a gap...

Incorporation of edible insect flours into baked snacks offers nutritional and functional advantages, yet formulation thresholds remain poorly defined. This study quantified the compositional, antioxidant, and sensory responses of wheat biscuits fortified with flours from Gonimbrasia belina and Hermetia illucens. Wheat flour was substituted with H. illucens or G. belina flour at 5, 10, 15, and...

The hospitality sector is one of the significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions yet its impact on the environment remains under researched globally. Star-rated hotels in Nairobi City engage in resource-intensive operations whose carbon footprints have not been modelled systematically using data-driven approaches. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of key hotel...

This study investigates the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in teaching Arabic Literature, aiming to enhance learning outcomes and engagement in this traditionally rich and complex subject. By analyzing the current landscape of AI applications in education and the unique challenges of teaching Arabic Literature, this research explores the potential benefits and limitations in this...

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping industries, and auditing is no exception. This study explores the impact of AI on audit processes, focusing on its benefits, challenges, and implications for the profession. Leveraging AI technologies including machine learning and data analytics, auditors can enhance efficiency, accuracy, and risk assessment. However,...

Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) is a high-value industrial crop, primely cultivated for natural bioactive pyrethrin in the current global shift from synthetic pesticides. However, production remains constrained by manual, labour-intensive and selective harvesting of mature flower heads due to complex physico-mechanical characteristics, crop morphology and the necessity to preserve...

Pastoralist communities in the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) of Northern Kenya have long relied on highly sophisticated Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) to navigate extreme climate variability. However, accelerating climate change, socio-ecological pressures, and technocratic policy frameworks increasingly threaten the continuity and operational authority of these traditional practices....

Understanding how insect powders interact with cereal matrices is essential for their integration into processed foods. This study investigated how Tenebrio molitor powder alters structure–function relationships in wheat-based composite flours. Composite flours containing 10, 20, and 30% T. molitor powder were analysed for compositional, physicochemical, techno-functional, thermal, and...

Demographic shifts, geopolitical uncertainty, evolving workforce demands, and rising expectations for high-quality digital experiences are creating unprecedented disruption across the higher education sector. Institutions face increasing pressure to respond to the demands of a rapidly changing world and must adapt to these emerging realities. The global shift toward digitalization in higher...

African animation continues to evolve as an emerging creative industry; however, limited research has examined how culturally authentic African narratives can be systematically translated into animated productions through practice-based creative methodologies. While African stories increasingly appear across comics, film, and digital media, there remains little documented knowledge on...

Land use and land cover (LULC) change is a major driver of freshwater ecosystem degradation, yet its cascading effects on aquatic biota through water quality remain poorly quantified in East African reservoir systems. This study examined (i) the influence of LULC change on water quality, and (ii) the synergistic effects of LULC and water quality on tadpole abundance across three Ziwa...

The increasing role of social media activism among Kenyan youths continues to pile pressure on government to be more open. While protests, especially by the opposition parties are not new, this study sought to describe the nature of anti-Finance Bill Gen-Z youth-led protests, organization and the messaging and the government response to one of Kenya’s massive protests. Based on an online...

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important food security crop in Kenya, but its productivity is constrained by a relatively narrow genetic base and environmental influences on trait expression. This study evaluated genetic variability, genotype × environment (G×E) interaction, heritability, genetic advance, and trait associations among five wheat genotypes comprising two parental lines and...

Graduate unemployment remains one of the most pressing socio-economic challenges in Kenya despite the widespread integration of internship programmes into university curricula as a strategy for enhancing graduates' workplace readiness. Although internships are intended to facilitate the acquisition of practical competencies, the extent to which the quality of internship programmes contributes...

The shift to Competency-Based Education and Training (CBET) in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions has enhanced students’ competencies. However, critical strategic mechanisms remain essential to maximize learning outcomes. This study investigated the strategic interventions perceived by Information and Communication Technology (ICT) trainers in implementing CBET...

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Artificial Intelligence has been with us for some time now. The United States of America and China are leading the way in this field of technology and countries like Japan, South Korea, India and Taiwan are not far behind. But the progress being made by these countries rests on their breakthroughs in various fields of science and engineering which in turn rest on the countries’ investment in...

Wetlands are biodiversity hotspots that provide essential habitats for birds but are increasingly threatened by habitat modification and anthropogenic disturbance. Understanding how bird communities vary across wetland landscapes is fundamental for effective conservation planning. This study assessed bird diversity, richness, abundance, and spatial distribution across natural and modified...

The deposition of copper oxide nanostructures on the anatase phase of a (101)-TiO2 surface to increase the reduction of CO2 has gained significant interest and has great potential for sustainable energy economy. In the present work, we studied a heterogeneous surface for the reduction of CO2, which can produce various organic compounds such as formic acid, formaldehyde, methanol, ethanol, and...

Digital transformation has become a defining feature of 21st-century economic development. For Africa - particularly Nigeria, the continent’s most populous nation with over 220 million people and a median age below 19. Digital technologies represent a strategic opportunity to harness the demographic dividend through youth empowerment and entrepreneurship. However, digital access alone does...

Kenya’s athletics has achieved global recognition, yet para-athletes remain underrepresented in sponsorships, branding, and visibility. This study examines the relationship between federation structure and athlete marketing support, focusing on implications for para-athlete inclusion. Guided by the Sports Policy Leading to International Sporting Success (SPLISS) framework and organizational...

Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass. and Guizotia scabra (Vis.) Chiov. are common stubborn broadleaf weeds in maize-growing fields of Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. However, information on their morphological variation across agro-ecological zones and their distribution is limited. This study evaluated the morphological characteristics and distribution of Guizotia populations to support species...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly transforming teaching, learning, and research in higher education. The widespread availability of AI-powered tools such as ChatGPT has enhanced access to information, personalized learning, and academic support. However, the rapid adoption of these technologies has also raised concerns regarding excessive dependence on AI, reduced critical thinking,...

The study examined the relationship between sports participation and learner retention among Primary School children in Karamoja region, Uganda. One specific objective was stated to guide this study. One Null Hypothesis was formulated which is, “there is no significant effect of sports participation on learner retention among Primary school children in Karamoja region, Uganda.” The...

The purpose of the study is to assess the effectiveness of Environmental Education and awareness in Waste management and Promoting environmental Sustainability. Environmental degradation and waste management challenges persist in Ilorin West Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria posing significant threats to the health, well-being, and sustainable development of the community....

This study examines the evolution of libraries as instruments of knowledge dissemination, inclusiveness, and sustainable development from the era of Alexander the Great to the modern library system in Nigeria within the context of the Industrial Revolution and its contemporary extensions. The ancient Library of Alexandria serves as an early model of a universal knowledge institution that...

Lablab purpureus (L.) is an underutilized, drought-tolerant legume with significant potential to enhance local food and feed systems. However, its widespread integration into farming systems is constrained by a narrow genetic base, late maturity, and low farm-level grain yields <1,000Kgha-1. This study utilized gamma irradiation to induce genetic variation, evaluate heritability, track...

Digital transformation has contributed to significant changes in business processes, and the resulting agility seems to be a critical success factor for competitiveness and innovativeness. When adopting disruptive digital solutions, organizations expect agility to play a significant role. Recently, technological transformations have generated increasing interest, and some research studies have...

Lipid peroxidation products in French fries are a potential risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Malondialdehyde and methylglyoxal are among the most pathophysiologically-relevant lipid peroxidation products, but are generally not regarded as major products of the oxidation of linoleic acid- or monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-rich oils, because mechanisms of their formation from such...

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is an important food crop in Kenya, especially in the semi-arid areas; many of which also have saline soils. Adoption of salt resistant varieties could improve production in these areas. Cowpeas form significant symbiotic nitrogen fixing association with Bradyrhizobium spp. Climate change could exacerbate the soil salinity posing significant challenges to both cowpea...

The study investigated school administrators’ knowledge and awareness of teachers’ mental health and how it relates to teachers’ psychological well-being in primary schools in Ilorin South Local Government Area of Kwara State. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population comprised 5,445 primary school teachers and 337 school administrators in Ilorin South Local...

The Fifth Industrial Revolution emphasizes human-centered, inclusive, and intelligent systems that integrate advanced technologies with human experience. In hospitality, smart systems powered by artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and automation are reshaping service delivery within digital service ecosystems. This study examines the influence of service accuracy in AI-enabled...

The term he-goat exit, borrowed from Themne lore, dovetails with Homi K. Bhabha’s (1999) third space theory together with its sub-theoretical trappings: hybridity, mimicry and ambivalence. Themne lore has it that, if a he-goat is locked up in a room for a whole night and released later, its odour will remain in that room for a very long time, such that one would think it is still lurking in...

Freshwater ecosystems in tropical Africa face escalating anthropogenic pressures, underscoring the urgent need for robust and cost-effective biomonitoring frameworks. This study evaluated stream health across three freshwater streams; Famak, Tokunbo, and Kofawe tributaries of Oluwa River in Igbokoda, southwest Nigeria, using aquatic insect assemblages associated with leaf-litter and leaf-pack...

Digital credit markets in East Africa have expanded rapidly, driving financial inclusion for thin-file borrowers via mobile money ecosystems. Conventional credit scoring relies heavily on correlation-based machine learning, which propagates structural biases, conflates spurious associations with actual default drivers, and fails systematically during macroeconomic volatility. This paper...

Industrial effluent management remains a significant environmental challenge, particularly in developing countries such as Kenya, where rapid industrialization has increased the risks of water pollution and public health hazards. Distillery industries generate large volumes of wastewater characterized by high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), total dissolved solids,...

Kenya's transition from the 8-4-4 system to Competency-Based Education (CBE) in 2017 represents one of sub-Saharan Africa's most ambitious curriculum reforms. The pivotal shift from Grade 6 (Upper Primary) to Grade 7 (Junior Secondary School, JSS) demands that learners navigate increased academic demands, specialist teaching and competency-based assessment within environments originally...

Chromium-laden tannery effluent discharged into the Sagana River, Kirinyaga County, Kenya, exceeds the regulatory thresholds set by NEMA and the WHO, threatening aquatic biodiversity, irrigation water quality, and community health. Conventional treatment technologies remain economically prohibitive to resource-constrained Kenyan industrial settings, renewing interest in rhizofiltration using...

The uneven global distribution of natural resources has historically served as both a catalyst for human migration and a focal point for intense socio-political competition. Despite the abundance of marble deposits in Lade, Edu Local Government Area (L.G.A) of Kwara State, the presence of this high-value mineral has acted as a double-edged sword. Ideally, the presence of significant natural...

Rapid urbanization in sub-Saharan Africa has intensified food and nutrition insecurity, particularly in fast-growing secondary cities where food systems are weak. This study examined the contribution of urban agriculture to household food and nutrition security in Eldoret City, Kenya, using the four pillars framework of availability, access, utilization, and stability. A mixed-methods...

The debate on the integration of indigenous knowledge (IK) in science education is often framed as a monocultural dialogue where indigenous people are presented as if they were a homogenous group with universal knowledge called IK. This article interrogates this view and demonstrates how teachers can tap into the repertoire of IKs in a multicultural class to teach Natural Sciences. A...

The study explores the entrepreneurial ecosystem of underdog entrepreneurs in Kibera informal settlements in Kenya to determine the enablers of their entrepreneurial success. The study is based on a case study research design, deriving data from 50 participants using semi-structured in-depth interviews as the research instrument. The study reveals that voluntary savings and loaning groups...

This paper traces the historical development of the current democratic process to the post-Cold War era, which Huntington described as the third wave of democratisation. It evaluates the linkage between democracy and good governance, examining whether the former is a prerequisite for the latter or whether the lack of the latter in Africa can be attributed to the former. Drawing on the Nigerian...

The integration of institutional information systems has become a critical component of digital transformation in higher education. This study examines the integration of the Koha Integrated Library Management System (ILMS) with the University of Eldoret Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) platform specifically the ABN Unisol system to automate patron registration and improve library service...

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the world's most important food crops, but its productivity is highly constrained by drought stress, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa where rainfall patterns have become increasingly erratic due to climate change. Despite the growing demand for drought-resilient potato cultivars, limited information exists on the physiological responses of available...

At the wake of climate change, natural resources remain central to the livelihoods and resilience of rural African communities, particularly those dependent on rain-fed agriculture. Increasing climate variability, characterized by erratic rainfall, prolonged droughts and declining water availability, continues to undermine agricultural productivity, food and nutrition security, and the...

Darwin’s Tree of Life has long served as the dominant framework for explaining biological diversity. It depicts all organisms as descending from a single common ancestor through a branching pattern of descent with modification. Historically, it has provided a coherent conceptual foundation, but recent advances in molecular biology, and genomics has challenged its universality and explanatory...

In Africa, the COVID-19 epidemic increased graduate unemployment and sped up structural changes toward platform-based entrepreneurship, digitally mediated jobs, and informal labour markets. Digital skills have become particularly important kinds of employability capital in this scenario. This study looks at the relationship between the development of digital skills and the perception of...

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a critical food and income crop in Kenya, yet its narrow genetic base limits breeding progress and crop resilience. Characterizing morphological diversity among newly developed lines is essential to leverage diverse traits for future breeding programs and variety development. This study evaluated the phenotypic and morphological diversity of eight potato...

Farm input distribution companies in Kenya play a vital role in supporting agricultural productivity and food security, yet many continue to experience declining competitiveness characterized by stagnant market share, weak customer retention, and limited product innovation. Product development strategy has increasingly emerged as a critical growth strategy for enhancing competitive advantage...

The frequently cited assertion that humans and chimpanzees share approximately 99% of their DNA has long been presented as a central indicator of evolutionary relatedness. However, this estimate originated from early comparative studies that focused primarily on aligned protein-coding sequences and single-nucleotide substitutions, thereby capturing only a limited subset of genomic variation....

Wetland ecosystems play a critical role in supporting rural livelihoods and maintaining environmental sustainability, yet they face increasing pressure from overutilization, weak institutional frameworks, and rapid land-use conversion. While general livelihood studies exist, there remains a critical empirical knowledge gap regarding the precise quantitative influence of specific wetland...

Efficient second-harmonic generation (SHG) in thin-film lithium niobate-on-insulator (TFLNOI) waveguides requires accurate phase matching between interacting optical modes. Conventional approaches such as quasi-phase matching (QPM) achieve high efficiency but require complex periodic domain engineering, while modal phase matching (MPM) is highly sensitive to fabrication imperfections and lacks...

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a climate-resilient cereal that plays a critical role in food security in semi-arid regions, yet its productivity is constrained by destructive fungal diseases and declining seed quality. This review synthesizes current knowledge on fungal disease dynamics in sorghum–legume intercropping systems and the ecological mechanisms through which these systems...

The involving role of higher education institutions in South Africa increasingly demands that universities move beyond the traditional teaching and research functions towards socially responsive and transformative community partnerships. In this context, the Vaal University of Technology (VUT) performs its institutional mandate through teaching and learning, research and innovation, and...

Dung beetles are highly regarded for their contribution in the reduction of horseflies that breed in dung pads. Fresh mammalian dung pads remain an essential resource for different dung-breeding flies from the families of Tabanidae, Muscidae, and Scarabaeidae. Members of these dipteran flies are known to be pests and vectors of disease-causing pathogens of large mammals. The role of dung...

The condition of sanitary facilities in primary schools remains a growing concern, as inadequate access to such facilities can negatively affect the health, dignity, and overall well-being of school pupils. This concern is particularly evident in rural and semi-urban communities where sanitation infrastructure is often overlooked. This study assessed the availability and utilisation of...

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This study examines the influence of public sector regulatory frameworks on the strategic competitiveness of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in South Africa. The research is motivated by growing concerns that regulatory environments, while intended to ensure accountability and governance, may inadvertently constrain the performance and competitiveness of SOEs. A quantitative research...

The increasing demand for healthier ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products with reduced sodium content has intensified research into natural preservatives with antimicrobial and sensory-enhancing properties. This study investigated the effectiveness of chitosan and rosemary extract as natural preservatives in RTE polony by evaluating microbial quality, sensory characteristics and consumer...

It is understood that the major natural cause of weather and climate is solar radiation. But as soon as there is imbalance between the incoming (the electromagnetic shortwave radiation) and the outgoing (infrared) radiation due to persistent emissions of greenhouse gases, there arises a change in climate of which abnormal variability in the distribution of the elements of weather and climate...

The Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) promotes a vision of technological advancement that is human-centered, inclusive, and responsive to societal needs. However, in Africa, the dominance of English and French in education, scientific research, technological communication, and digital knowledge production continues to create significant barriers to inclusion. As the primary languages of...

This study explored funding models and the effectiveness of support services in public universities in Kenya and Nigeria using a qualitative research approach. The study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of how funding structures influence the delivery, accessibility, and quality of institutional support services in selected public universities across both countries. The research was...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections with limited treatment options due to multidrug resistance. Medicinal plants Artemisia annua and Aloe barbadensis have demonstrated antibacterial activity, but the specific bioactive compounds and their molecular targets remain largely unknown. This study employed molecular docking to...

This study quantifies how climate change will alter annual temperature and precipitation across The Gambia’s five regions: West Coast, North Bank, Lower River, Central River, and Upper River, while identifying spatial hotspots of warming and drying relevant for adaptation. Using a multi-model ensemble of global climate models under RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5, outputs were...

Rapid modernization, urbanization, and death of community elders are disrupting the traditional communication channels through which intangible cultural heritage in rural Kenya has historically been transmitted. The absence of intergenerational communication pathways has led to oral traditions communication gaps from the youth information ecosystem. The aim of this study is to develop Akamba...

School fires and student unrest have plagued Kenya's education system for over a century, escalating from isolated protests in the early 1900s to catastrophic dormitory infernos that have claimed hundreds of lives and destroyed property worth billions of shillings. Despite six major presidential task forces and commissions between 1991 and 2017 and comprehensive policy frameworks including the...

Anthropogenic and natural factors drive Land Use Land Cover (LULC) change leading to multiple environmental challenges. Analyzing these modifications provides useful information to support planning and implementation of sustainable landscape management. The study aimed to analyze LULC changes and trends in Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya, over 22 years from 2001 to 2023. Mixed-methods approach was...

Malaria and sickle cell anemia (SCA) impose a compounded disease burden across sub-Saharan Africa, where overlapping clinical presentations, fever, anemia, and jaundice frequently obscure accurate diagnosis in resource-constrained settings. While artificial intelligence has demonstrated considerable promise in single-disease detection, existing diagnostic models operate in isolation, lack...

Landfill licensing is a key regulatory tool for enforcing South Africa’s waste-management hierarchy and protecting water resources. However, the operational performance of licensed municipal landfill sites remains poorly documented. This study assessed the relationship between landfill authorisation, licence-condition compliance and environmental protection in the Upper Vaal Catchment Area. A...

Social network platforms have evolved and their usage is now spanning across numerous applications. This popularity is occasioned by the recent increase in number of internet users who utilize these networking platforms for mutual interactions. In spite of these successes, the surging social interactions have attracted adversaries, who now target these networks with spam contents. These...

The value chains of the island nutrition-sensitive african famine vegetables are high constrained and fragmented. The value chains are characterized by high post-harvest losses, competition from expensive mainland supplies, unpredictable yields, limited market integration beyond the islands, absence of grading systems, small internal markets, and limited domestication of the free growing...

The achievement of educational goals in public secondary schools depends largely on the quality, competence and continuous professional development of teachers. Training opportunities constitute one of the most important components of teacher compensation and providing teachers with the knowledge, skills and competencies required to respond to emerging educational challenges. Despite...

E-mobility success innovations that have greatly promoted green e-mobility and help significantly reduce carbon emissions in the atmosphere. Electric buses are predominantly in Africa, Asia, Europe mostly that are still characterized by rapid urbanization, urban sprawl, proliferated vehicular traffic in all major cities globally. Light-duty vehicles are an integral part of the global vehicular...

HIV-malnutrition interactions significantly influence the course of the disease and mortality. Although Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) improves clinical outcomes, very little is known about its effect on the nutritional and clinical status of HIV-positive individuals in Ghana. This study compared the nutritional, haematological, and biochemical profiles of HAART-naïve and...

The rapid growth of generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly large language models such as ChatGPT, is transforming higher education globally. However, the adoption of these technologies within universities remains inconsistent, influenced by faculty members’ perceptions, emotional responses, behavioral intentions, AI literacy, and institutional support systems. This...

Generally, ground water flow in porous media on microscopic level is three-dimensional. However, when we consider regional flow problems, that is ground water flow on a microscopic level, it is noted that because of the low ratio of aquifer thickness to horizontal length the flow in the aquifer is practically horizontal. Flow in confined aquifers is therefore described by a two-dimensional...

Grain amaranth is a nutritionally valuable crop recognized for its adaptability across diverse agro-ecologies and its contribution to food security and income generation. This study evaluated the yield and yield-related parameters of 210 grain amaranth accessions sourced from Eldoret markets, alongside standard checks from the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO)....

Machine Translation (MT) systems typically rely on large parallel corpora to achieve high translation accuracy; however, Hausa remains a low-resource language due to the limited availability of digital linguistic and speech datasets. This study presents an optimized speech-to-speech Neural Machine Translation (NMT) framework for bilingual Hausa–English translation using a Bidirectional Long...

Limited access to quality planting materials, slow conventional multiplication methods, and persistent pest and disease challenges continue to constrain the productivity of potato in Kenya. On the other hand, commercial plant tissue culture is effective for producing disease-free, true-to-type planting materials for high-value crops. This study was undertaken to determine the viability of...

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a global health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, leading to increased mortality, prolonged hospital stays, and strained healthcare resources. Antimicrobial stewardship is critical in combating resistant pathogens, but ethical issues surrounding AMR stewardship, particularly in resource-constrained settings such as Kenya, are...

In Kenya, the construction industry is undergoing significant transformation, with many individuals expressing concern over the increasingly programmatic nature of building homes. While construction has traditionally been seen as a personal and flexible endeavor, recent trends suggest that people are encountering more challenges and regulations that make it difficult for them to build homes...

The growing urgency to address environmental degradation and climate change has intensified the adoption of green technologies as a strategy for promoting sustainable development. Despite increasing investments in green technologies, there is limited empirical evidence on the mechanisms by which these technologies simultaneously enhance environmental and economic sustainability, particularly...

Climate change negatively affects smallholder farmers in South Africa, and several factors, including ageing water infrastructure and ineffective governance systems, exacerbate these impacts. A concurrent embedded mixed-methods research design was used to collect data from smallholder farmers across 15 historical towns in South Africa’s Western Cape Province. A total of 191 participants either...

Dementia is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive decline in memory, reasoning, behaviour, and the ability to perform everyday activities. It has a rising burden in Nigeria, where access to orthodox treatment is limited, and caregivers often resort to alternative, nature-based remedies. Despite the widespread use of natural remedies in dementia management,...

Selective Dissemination of Information (SDI) services in academic libraries face mounting pressure from the exponential growth of digital scholarly content and the limitations of conventional rule-based systems. In Kenya, these challenges are compounded by manual workflows, static user profiles, and constrained ICT infrastructure, creating a significant gap between researcher information needs...

Propensity Score Matching (PSM) is widely used to estimate causal treatment effects from observational data by reducing confounding bias arising from non-random treatment assignment. Conventional propensity score estimation based on logistic regression may, however, inadequately capture complex nonlinear relationships and interactions among covariates, potentially leading to suboptimal...

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is a critical cereal crop for food security in sub-Saharan Africa due to its tolerance to drought and low-phosphorus environments. However, phosphorus deficiency in heavily weathered tropical soils remains a major impediment to sorghum productivity in the region, especially among the resource-constrained farmers. Cultivation of varieties with enhanced phosphorus...

Indigenous food plants constitute an important part of biodiversity and an invaluable resource among communities living in diverse environments including forest ecosystems. Most of these food plants are hardy, climate resilient, rich in nutrients, and vital for local nutrition and cultural heritage. Besides being a source of diverse foods like legumes, vegetables, fruits and seeds, these...

The Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) presents Africa with an unprecedented opportunity to reposition education as a strategic driver of sustainable human capital development through the integration of human-centered technologies, inclusive innovation, and indigenous knowledge systems. While current discourse on 5IR has largely focused on higher education, digital transformation, and workforce...

The growing challenges in the agricultural sector due to climate change have accentuated the need for drought-resistant species, particularly in regions where water scarcity is a chronic problem. The cultivation of drought-resistant species has become crucial for agricultural sustainability and the conservation of medicinal plant resources. As global temperatures rise and weather patterns...

Cervical cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among women, especially in developing countries. Despite increased awareness and the availability of screening methods, the uptake of cervical cancer screening remains low in Nigeria. This study assessed the influence of risk behaviours and level of knowledge on cervical cancer screening practices among female academic and...

This study aims to translate selected Artificial Intelligence (AI) terminology into the Yoruba language to enhance vocabulary and technical understanding within the Yoruba-speaking community, while aligning with the human-centered and sustainability-driven ethos of the Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) in Africa. Moving beyond the efficiency-focused paradigm of the Fourth Industrial Revolution...

Air pollution remains a critical environmental health challenge in rapidly urbanizing African cities, with children disproportionately affected due to their vulnerability and daily exposure. This study investigates the health implications of ambient air pollutants among secondary school children in Lagos State, Nigeria, where many schools are located adjacent to major highways. Employing a...

Declining agricultural productivity have intensified livelihood challenges, thereby influencing migration patterns and local security dynamics. This study assesses the impact of climate change on migration and security in Osi. It specifically examines the major climate-related environmental changes experienced in the area, investigates the relationship between climate variability and migration...

The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in science education is increasingly recognized as an effective strategy for improving instruction and learning outcomes. This study examined the effects of computer simulation on the utilization of lesson time in Physics instruction in secondary schools in Kangundo Sub-County, Kenya. Specifically, it sought to determine whether...

Environmental changes associated with global warming have altered human activities within ecological zones, leading to the emergence of new habitats suitable for malaria vectors. In Bungoma County, located in the western Kenya highlands, populations of malaria vectors remain dynamic due to environmental factors that favor the growth and development of Anopheles gambiae. Land-use changes...

Rural-urban youth migration presents a critical challenge to agricultural sustainability and food security in The Gambia, particularly in the Central River Region South (CRR-South). This study assesses the effects of youth out-migration on the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices and food output in CRR-South, a region identified as a priority area for climate resilience...

Choosing a career path is a complex and pivotal decision for students. In Kenya, the rollout of the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) has repositioned Home Science as a critical learning area, integrating it into Primary school under Agriculture and Nutrition, Junior School under Pre-Technical Studies and offering it as an elective pathway in Senior School. Consequently, this systemic shift...

The last decade has witnessed a continuous increase in the use of nanotechnology. Thousands of products varying from food, cosmetics, clothes, military equipment, and personal care products are now available with nanoparticle contents. Due to the numerous applications of nanoparticles in consumer products, the chances of human exposure through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact are...

This Study focuses on flood occurrences in risk zones prone to frequent flooding that are posing significant threats to human settlements, Sustainable development in Lokoja with the following objectives: identifying the spatial distribution of household vulnerability to climate change impacts, analyzing the socio-economic and environmental factors influencing household vulnerability, and...

Climate change is increasingly threatening urban systems, infrastructure, and information institutions, especially in developing areas where environmental vulnerabilities are more pronounced. Academic libraries, which serve as guardians of knowledge and research resources, are facing rising risks from climate-related issues like flooding, extreme heat, humidity, and poor environmental...

The environmental impact associated with the production of Portland cement has intensified interest in sustainable alternatives such as lime-based binders. However, their application is constrained by low early strength and slow hardening. This study evaluates rice husk ash (RHA) and sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) as pozzolanic additives to enhance the mechanical performance and durability of...

With the increasing influence of climate change on the environment, novel educational approaches become necessary. These should be aimed at providing youth with the competencies, knowledge, and attitudes to facilitate sustainable development. Furthermore, the Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) emphasizes people-focused innovations, technologies, and inclusive participation in solving social...

The global use of wood fuel for cooking and heating has devastating negative health effects, with 2 million deaths annually from pneumonia, cancer, and chronic lung diseases due to exposure to pollution from biomass combustion, including polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Acrylamide is a chemical compound that naturally forms in starchy, plant-based foods during high-temperature cooking...

Africa’s Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) prioritizes inclusive innovation, citizen engagement, and human-centered development. However, for people living with HIV (PLHIV), persistent stigma continues to limit equitable participation in health systems despite existing legal and policy frameworks. This study examines the gap between anti-stigma policy and lived experience, highlighting...

Climate change has remained one of the major environmental challenges affecting the conservation of natural resources and environmental sustainability in Nigeria. It has been established in the previous studies that many environmental factors like irregular rainfall patterns, flooding and soil degradation have continued to threaten the sustainable management of natural resources and the...

Traditional and Alternative Medicine (TAM) serves as a primary healthcare resource globally, yet foreign pharmacy graduates' perspectives on its integration remain underexplored. This cross-sectional survey examined 52 foreign pharmacy graduates participating in the Foreign Pharmacy Graduate Orientation Programme (FPGOP), Northern zone at the University of Ilorin, Nigeria in 2021. Using a...

The increasing demand for animal protein and the rising cost of conventional feed ingredients necessitate the exploration of sustainable alternative protein sources. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), rich in protein and bioactive compounds, offer a promising feed resource. However, limited information exists on its storage stability, particularly in defatted form. This study evaluated...

In the pursuit of promoting good health, sustainable environment and efficient agriculture, genetics and genomics have emerged as indispensable tools. The University of Eldoret Genetics and Genomics Research and Training Laboratory (FGGRTL) is dedicated to leveraging molecular biology and cutting-edge technologies for the enhancement of agricultural and health practices. This abstract presents...

Higher education in Africa faces challenges in aligning teaching and learning with Competency-Based Education (CBE) reforms. Traditional lecture-driven models often fail to cultivate critical thinking, creativity, and practical skills. This gap undermines the philosophy of competency, particularly the axiom “I do, We do, You do”, which emphasizes progressive, constructivist, and humanistic...

In a context where artisanal cheese production in Burundi remains constrained by the absence of standardized processes, unstable microbiological quality, and limited nutritional value, this study was undertaken to develop a probiotic-enriched artisanal cheese and to evaluate its physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics. Four probiotic strains (Lactobacillus plantarum, L....

Nigeria's agricultural sector faces mounting pressures from climate change, land degradation, and competition over pasture and water, fueling farmer–herder conflicts with severe consequences for food security and national stability. Open grazing on institutional farmlands, including the University of Ilorin, underscores the need for climate-smart fodder interventions. This study assessed...

Maternal mortality stayed a huge public health challenge in rural Kenya, where delayed recognition of pregnancy related complications, played a big role in preventable maternal and neonatal deaths. The World Health Organization noted that Kenya recorded around 379 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2023, and that number was far above the Sustainable Development Goal target which is under 70...

This study examined the role of Community Outreach for Development and Welfare Advocacy (CODWA) in promoting good governance in Ilorin, Kwara State. The research focused on key governance indicators such as transparency, accountability and citizen participation and also assessed the extent to which CODWA contributes to community development and welfare improvement. The study adopted a...

This paper examines Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD), as a water saving strategy and an adaptation measure to impact of climate change in rice growing. This is because of the declining per capita water resources and the buildup of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as methane gas due to paddy system and anaerobic respiration. The AWD which involves periodic draining and re-flooding of rice fields,...

Maternal body mass index (BMI) in early pregnancy is a modifiable determinant of maternal and fetal health. Sub-Saharan Africa faces a dual nutritional burden of persistent undernutrition alongside rising overweight and obesity. In Kenya, where both extremes coexist, the relationship between early-pregnancy BMI and stillbirth risk remains poorly characterised, limiting evidence-based antenatal...

The rapid diffusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools into classrooms, raises urgent questions about whether in-service teachers are prepared to adopt them meaningfully, particularly in teaching mathematics where pedagogical precision is critical. This study investigates the readiness of in-service Senior High School (SHS) mathematics teachers in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana to...

This paper examines the role of media communication and language in political mobilization within the context of democratic governance. The study emphasizes that language is central to political communication, serving persuasive, informative, ideological, and symbolic functions that influence how citizens perceive political actors and issues. Drawing on theoretical perspectives such as...

This study conducts a comprehensive numerical analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in a two-dimensional channel featuring various obstacle configurations. The obstacles are intentionally positioned within the channel to assess their influence on fluid dynamics and thermal efficiency. By employing the finite element method, the study solves the Navier-Stokes and energy...

Cowpea is a strategic and vital crop for developing nations due to its contributions to food security and economic development for farmers. The crop is susceptible to numerous viruses which are spread by insect vectors and seeds causing severe damages to cowpea fields. Seed-borne viruses severely impact agriculture creating significant economic damage and present a huge challenge in the...

Higher education institutions play a critical role in developing the knowledge, competencies, and values required for graduates to thrive in an increasingly interconnected and digitally driven world. This paper examines an Enhanced Service-Learning (E-SL) initiative implemented by the Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) that promotes human capital development through...

Phosphate rock and shale samples were collected from five mine sites (P1–P5) in the Sokoto Basin, northwestern Nigeria, to characterize their mineralogical composition, quantify naturally occurring radioactive element concentrations, and evaluate associated radiological hazards to mine workers. Ten samples from each lithology were analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) for mineral identification,...

Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea) is a leguminous plant which is traditionally being used for various health benefits including antisickling, immune booster, wound healing among others. It is rich in phytopeptide knottins which possess structural stability and biological activity that may influence neural functions. This study investigated the neuropharmacological effects of a phytopeptide...

The once revered and autonomous traditional institution in Nigeria in the precolonial era, with a sophisticated structure of governance and sustained statehood, has witnessed a systematic erosion of its power since the colonial era to the present. The examination of historical and contemporary assaults on Nigeria’s traditional rulership forms the central theme of this paper, while appraising,...

African universities have progressed rapidly in terms of establishment, student enrolment, research activity, and institutional presence. However, this growth has not translated into proportional innovation outcomes. This reveals a dogged innovation gap between knowledge generation, practical application and economic impact. This paper examines the nature and drivers of this gap, focusing on...

This study examined the socio-economic characteristics of tomato farmers, perceived effects of climate change (CC) on production, their training needs between farmers’ competence and importance rating on tomato climate-smart measures. A total of 256 tomato farmers were recruited for the study. A Borich model analysis was employed to identify the training needs of tomato farmers regarding their...

The fast changing realities of the 21st century are reshaping the knowledge, skills, and competencies learners need to have in order to succeed. This therefore require a fundamental shift in how education is designed and delivered. This study focuses on the integrated promotion of three essential priorities: the development of key 21st-century competencies such as creativity, collaboration,...

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterised by persistent hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress, and systemic complications. Current treatments, including metformin, are often costly, inaccessible, and associated with adverse side effects, necessitating affordable plant-based alternatives. Vernonia auriculifera is traditionally used for diabetes management across sub-Saharan...

The rise of the Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) has generated scholarly curiosity in the relationship between technology, development, and social inclusion. Kenya's modern milestones in digital technologies have revolutionized communication, education, governance, and economic participation. In spite of this, the historical processes that shaped technological access and exclusion remain...

Black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens L. is a non-vector insect with larvae capable of transforming organic waste streams into high-quality protein biomass. Utilizing these larvae, livestock farmers can significantly cut production costs and boost earnings. For sustainable commercial production of BSF larvae (BSFL) in Nigeria, it is crucial to use organic wastes that are affordable,...

Traditional healers play an important role in primary healthcare and the preservation of indigenous knowledge in South Africa. However, the cultivation of medicinal plants remains controversial among some healers due to cultural taboos, ceremonial practices, and beliefs about the reduced potency of cultivated plants. Despite concerns over the decline of medicinal plant populations in the wild,...

Youth employment remains a major socio-economic challenge in North Central Nigeria despite the employment opportunities available in agriculture. However, youth participation in agricultural activities is constrained by inadequate access to credit facilities, limited modern farming technologies, insecurity in rural communities, and preference for white-collar jobs. This study assessed youths’...

Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol, APAP) is the world’s most used over the-counter analgesic-antipyretic drug. The increasing misuse of acetaminophen as a meat tenderizing agent in the food industry is a public health concern. This study examined the reproductive effects of acetaminophen tenderized meat fed to male swiss albino mice (Mus musculus). Utilizing a...

This paper explores the integration of traditional knowledge systems with Arabic and Islamic teachings in Northern and South Western Nigeria, highlighting the dynamic interplay between indigenous practices and Islamic principles. It examines how local cultural beliefs, practices, and social structures have adapted to incorporate Islamic teachings, leading to a unique synthesis that enriches...

The Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) is reshaping education through human-centred artificial intelligence (AI), creating new opportunities for sustainable human capital development while simultaneously presenting complex ethical and governance challenges for educational institutions. As Kenya advances implementation of the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC), secondary schools are increasingly...

Against the backdrop of Nigeria's emerging pre-2027 electoral discourse, this study examines how digital citizenship and political participation are constructed through a critical multimodal analysis of five political cartoons by Mustapha Bulama published on Facebook between April and August 2026. The study adopts a qualitative research design and integrates Kress and van Leeuwen's (2006)...

The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into higher education presents both opportunities and ethical dilemmas for African universities. The context of the problem lies in the tension between technological adoption and the preservation of the teaching profession’s integrity, alongside equitable student learning outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the...

Plantain-based poundo is increasingly promoted as a functional food for individuals managing diabetes and metabolic disorders. Processing conditions, particularly steaming, may alter starch composition, digestibility, and glycemic response, yet cultivar-specific effects remain underexplored. This study examined the impact of steaming parameters and varietal differences (yellow vs. white...

The generation of photonic microwave (PMW) signals with high frequency, low noise level and high power is essential for application in areas that require signals with high power for longer transmission, high signal to noise ratio (SNR), immunity to interference by electromagnetic waves and with precise control on the power, frequency and bandwidth of the signals. A number of electronic...

Comorbid conditions significantly impact cancer prognosis, treatment selection, and overall patient survival. While advances in cancer care have improved survival outcomes for patients without underlying conditions, managing cancer alongside non-communicable and infectious diseases remains a major clinical challenge. This study analyzes the prevalence of comorbid conditions, cancer types, and...

This is the first report on the antimicrobial evaluation of tetrafluorinated azobenzene-imidazolium salts with various spacer length. All salts qualified as ionic liquids crystals (ILCs) which melted below 100 ⁰C. The functionalized azobenzene moiety was connected to the imidazolium head via a methylene spacer of varying length (n = 3-12). The ILCs were characterized using FTIR, NMR...

Globally, transitions toward Competency-Based Education (CBE) routinely encounter severe execution hurdles especially in resource-constrained enclaves. In Kenya, the implementation of the Integrated Science Curriculum (ISC), a vital gateway for STEM pathways is severely challenged within marginalized settings due to systemic administrative and operational bottlenecks. This study examined how...

Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.), a monocotyledonous member of the Cyperaceae family, is valued for its oil-rich, starchy, protein-containing tubers. While the species is commercially produced in many countries, it exists mainly as a weed in farmlands and uncultivated areas in Kenya and much of East Africa. Given ongoing efforts to combat malnutrition through nutritious locally sourced...

Tropical fruits are important sources of carbohydrates, dietary fibre, essential minerals, vitamins, and natural antioxidants that contribute significantly to food security, nutrition, and human health. However, increasing demand for fresh fruits has encouraged adulteration practices including artificial ripening using ethylene gas, addition of artificial sweeteners, and application of...

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Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are viruses present in the blood and can be transmitted from mothers to their children, posing significant health challenges among pregnant women in Africa. This research determined the prevalence of Hepatitis and co-infection with HIV and the presence of tumor markers among pregnant women attending...

Learner-centered instruction (LCI) has attracted growing scholarly interest for its potential to foster 21st-century competencies, particularly collaboration, among language learners. This study examined the extent to which learner-centered instruction influences learners' collaboration skills in Kiswahili language classes in public junior schools in Nandi North Sub-County, Nandi County,...

Under-five mortality in the Lake Victoria basin counties of Siaya, Kisumu, Homa Bay, Migori, Busia and Kakamega remains among the highest in Kenya, driven by malaria, pneumonia, sepsis, and severe malnutrition, yet community health surveillance in this region remains largely reactive, paper-based, and linguistically inaccessible to the Swahili-speaking community health workers who deliver...

As Africa navigates the transformative demands of the Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR), the capacity of higher education systems to produce inclusive, innovation-driven graduates depends critically on the quality and inclusivity of the policy processes that shape them. This paper examines higher education policy development in South Africa, mapping the key actors, processes, and power...

Unsafe domestic water remains a major public health challenge in rapidly urbanizing areas, increasing the risk of microbial contamination and waterborne diseases. In Nakuru West Sub-County, Kenya, intermittent piped water supply, dependence on alternative water sources, inadequate sanitation, and rapid population growth heighten household exposure to unsafe drinking water. However, limited...

Financial sustainability is critical to the growth and competitiveness of real estate firms, yet many firms continue to experience financial challenges due to unstable rental income, fluctuating property values, and ineffective investment decisions. This study examined the effect of the buy-and-hold investment strategy on the financial sustainability of real estate firms in Uasin Gishu County,...

Marital conflict is increasingly prevalent in Ilorin, Kwara State, leading to broken marriages, divorce, and family disintegration. The weakness of formal adjudication has prompted the Council of Ulama to mediate conflicts among couples. This study examined the effects of Ulama intervention on marital conflict in Ilorin. Using a mixed-method design, 102 questionnaires were administered to...

The quality of teachers in the school system cannot be underrated as no education system can rise above the quality of her teachers The instability in the education reform agenda under different governments in Kwara State has brought about diverse training policies and programmes to effect the quality of teachers at Primary school level. This inconsistency and lack of continuity in training...

Atrazine is a widely used herbicide and an environmental contaminant of One Health concern due to its adverse effects on ecosystem, animal, and human health. Exposure to atrazine has been associated with impaired male fertility through oxidative stress, inflammation, endocrine disruption, and apoptosis. Nigella sativa oil (NSO) possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and may...

The relationship between globalization and SMEs' performance focused on how SMEs affect the world's perception of itself as a global village. North-central Nigerian SMEs have not yet benefited from globalization. The study examines how globalization affected the performance of SMEs in Kwara State, Nigeria. The Survey research approach with adoption of questionnaire was used in the process of...

Global healthcare systems increasingly face chronic disease burdens, rising costs, workforce shortages, health inequities and environmental sustainability challenges. Within this context, Indigenous Holistic Herbal Medicine representing centuries of accumulated wisdom on medicinal plants, preventive care and the interconnection of physical, emotional, spiritual and environmental health has...

Public universities in North East, Nigeria encounter significant challenges due to the insecurity stemming from the Boko Haram insurgency. These issues have potential to impede their capacity to ensure a secure learning environment and fulfil their objectives. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the relationship between institutional safety and goals achievement in public universities...

In the history of development, societies that prioritize the provision of adequate infrastructure such as roads, rails, ports, etc. have been known to enjoy remarkable rates of development and accompanying level of security. Physical infrastructure is especially very critical in the process of development. They are critical to the development because they support and facilitate communication,...

Diabetes mellitus remains a major global public health challenge, affecting 589 million globally and 23.6 million adults in Africa, with Nigeria’s prevalence rising from 5.77% to 7.0%. Limitations of conventional therapies have increased interest in affordable plant-based alternatives such as Vernonia amygdalina and Hibiscus sabdariffa, both recognized for hypoglycemic properties; however,...

Since the United Nations recommendation in 1993 to introduce domestic production into systems of national accounts, the market value of the unpaid care economy has been estimated for a wide range of countries around the world. These studies recognize the economic contribution of unpaid household work, this paper examines the gender patterns of time allocation over SNA productive activity, Non-...

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, the contribution of women to the socio-religious aspect has greatly increased base on the interpretations of Islamic principles on women’s leadership roles. Despite the patriarchal systems that keeps female religious authority down, Sufi matrons are now seen as powerful figures in domestic conflict mediation in Muslim Yorubaland. This paper...

The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with dietary patterns high in glycemic load and fat. Potatoes, particularly when consumed as fried products, possess a high glycemic index and may contribute to metabolic disturbances. However, experimental evidence linking potato consumption to the progression of prediabetes to diabetes remains limited. This...

Extant literature suggests that while organisations are relatively adept at strategy formulation, strategy implementation remains a persistent challenge for corporate leaders. This study examines this gap within the furniture industry in Zimbabwe, where numerous firms have struggled to sustain operations, with over ten large firms exiting the market in the past decade. The primary objective...

In Africa’s multilingual landscape, the quality, availability, and institutional commitment to translated legal and policy texts are pivotal to access justice and inclusive governance. This article examines how inadequate, inaccurate, and institutionally neglected translation of legal instruments, policy documents, and governance frameworks across the Anglophone–Francophone divide in West...

Displacement, violent conflict, misinformation and destruction of social fabric continue to undermine peacebuilding efforts across Africa continent, even as the adoption of digital platforms continue to gain traction among governments, NGOs and civil society actors. Nevertheless, many of these innovations replicate automation‑driven, that is, top‑down logics associated with Fourth Industrial...

The fundamental challenge in the post–COVID academic environment is the incessant brain-drain impinging on Nigerian universities, predominantly the exodus of skilled faculty to Europe and North America. This trend wanes institutional resilience and weakens academic effectiveness. This study examined the impact of brain-drain on the academic development in two key public universities in Lagos...

Burn injuries are a significant public health concern, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), with a majority occurring in and around homes. Household-related burns are caused by activities involving cooking, heating, and lighting. Open flames from traditional stoves, three stone fires, hot liquids, and unstable set stoves increase the risk. Overcrowding, poor housing, and...

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is an important food crop in Kenya, especially in the semi-arid areas; many of which also have saline soils. Adoption of salt resistant varieties could improve production in these areas. Cowpeas form significant symbiotic nitrogen fixing association with Bradyrhizobium spp. Climate change could exacerbate the soil salinity posing significant challenges to both cowpea...

This study assesses the implementation and effectiveness of the first Computer-Based Test (CBT) promotion examination conducted by the Kwara State Teaching Service Commission in 2025. The initiative, introduced under the Kwara State Government, marked a significant transition from conventional paper-based promotion assessments to a technology-driven system aimed at improving transparency,...

Understanding species-level variability in edible insects is fundamental for their use as food ingredients. However, comparative datasets integrating protein composition,
micronutrient content, thermal behaviour, and colour across multiple insect species
remain limited. Six edible insect species, T. obscura, T. molitor, H. illucens, G.
bimaculatus, R. differens, and S. gregaria, were...

Gamma irradiation is a powerful mutagenic tool in plant breeding, capable of inducing a stable, broad spectrum of DNA variation and chromosomal alterations. Flow cytometry (FCM), the gold standard for nuclear DNA quantification, enables rapid detection of irradiation-induced genomic shifts. This study evaluated the cytogenomic effects of gamma irradiation on three cassava (Manihot esculenta...

The study examines the determinants of Artificial Intelligence (AI) adoption in procurement processes and its impact on the performance of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) firms in Arusha, Tanzania. While global literature highlights AI as a transformative driver of procurement efficiency, empirical evidence in Sub-Saharan Africa remains limited. Using a cross-sectional quantitative design,...

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is an important food security crop among smallholder farmers in Kenya's semi-arid regions, where soil salinity constrains yields and is likely to intensify under climate change. Salinity stress can further compromise cowpea productivity by disrupting its symbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with Bradyrhizobium spp., a relationship that is particularly important for...

The institutions of higher learning in Kenya continue to face challenges related to management of student well-being and welfare during their academic life. The students in face not only mental health challenges but also pressing social concerns which include strained peer relationships, financial pressures, family conflicts leading to exposure to risky behaviors. Traditional support...

Recognizing and addressing the cultural context in research is crucial for establishing equitable partnerships. This poster draws examples from my research on how youth morality is imparted through the Bukusu circumcision rite of passage to demonstrate the value of cultural awareness and sensitivity in fostering fair and effective collaborations across diverse African communities. First, the...

Wetlands within the Kenyan Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) represent critical socio-ecological assets providing essential ecosystem services, including biodiversity conservation, flood mitigation, and water purification. However, escalating anthropogenic pressures and climate variability threaten their ecological integrity, necessitating robust spatiotemporal monitoring. This study quantified...

Nigeria's power sector continues to face significant challenges, including poor service delivery, limited transparency, delayed complaint resolution, and weak accountability mechanisms. These issues underscore the need for innovative digital solutions that enhance stakeholder engagement and improve service performance. This study presents POWERPOLICE, a web-based digital accountability...

The expansion of digital and hybrid work arrangements across African public sector institutions has intensified the need for conceptually grounded measures of remote work efficiency. Existing approaches frequently rely on outcome-based proxies such as performance or job satisfaction, leaving the underlying behavioral capacity insufficiently theorized. This study develops and validates the...

Introduction: Small businesses operate within increasingly volatile financial environments marked by constrained access to capital, rising input costs, and intensified market competition. Financial transformation encompassing digital financial management, restructuring of capital allocation, and strategic reinvestment has emerged as a critical lever for enhancing competitiveness and long-term...

Agrifood incubation hubs are increasingly promoted as pathways for youth employment, enterprise development, and food systems transformation. However, limited attention has been given to what application-stage evidence reveals before incubation begins, particularly who applies, how applicants articulate their ventures, and whether selection tools can distinguish livelihood-oriented enterprises...

Human capital development is fundamental to sustainable national development because it equips individuals with competencies required for economic competitiveness. In Nigeria, increasing national insecurity and persistent challenges in quality of science education have continued to threaten students' educational experiences needed for national transformation. This study examined the influence...

Herein, the impact of incorporating a redox-active electrolyte into the pristine electrolyte on the specific capacitance of a sludge-based activated carbon (SAC) electrode was investigated, with a focus on the electrolyte concentration. KOH-activated carbon (SACK) was prepared from wastewater sludge via activation followed by carbonization. The SACK was characterized in terms of its structure...

Graduate unemployment remains a persistent socio-economic challenge in many developing countries, despite increasing access to higher education. This study examines the structural mismatch between educational outcomes and labour market demands in The Gambia. Anchored in Human Capital Theory and skills mismatch frameworks, the study adopts a mixed-methods approach involving survey data from 150...

Maintaining high seed quality throughout the post-harvest handling chain remains a major challenge in commercial maize seed production. Harvesting stage, processing, storage and varieties are documented contributing factors to seed quality. Their interactive effects under commercial production systems remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the influence of these factors on the...

Background: Sport marketing has come up to be an important tool for improving sports
development worldwide, especially in developing nations as in Nigeria where inadequate
funding limits infrastructure growth. Purpose of Study: This study examined sports marketing
as mobiliser for basketball facility development in Nigeria and also analyzed the influence of
marketing components such as...

Despite ongoing digital transformation in Nigerian higher education, visually impaired students continue to face significant barriers in accessing learning materials and participating effectively in academic activities. This study presents Unilorin-EVISVision, a human-centred assistive digital learning solution designed to advance inclusive digital learning for visually impaired students in...

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into mathematics education is transforming teaching and learning processes in higher institutions. This study investigated the influence of ChatGPT-generated hints delivered through Google Classroom on the problem-solving speed and continuous assessment performance of first-year Mathematics students at Kwara State University of Education, Ilorin,...

Environmental accountability and protection has gained traction in the recent past. Sustainable waste management has become the point of interest for many stakeholders. Different jurisdictions have developed regulations on waste management to safeguard the planet and future generations. Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) has emerged as the center of policy debate around the world, as it is...

This study examines physics teachers’ perceptions of gender inequality and its implications for inclusive innovation within Africa’s Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR). As 5IR prioritizes human-centered and socially responsive development, equitable participation in STEM, particularly physics, is essential for sustainable transformation. However, persistent gender disparities continue to limit...

Understanding Africa’s indigenous worldview is essential to any comprehensive history of education on the continent. Prior to the arrival of Islam and Christianity, Yorùbá society maintained structured systems of training that prepared children for social, cultural, and economic life. With special reference to the Igbomina, this paper examines the foundational role of education in Yorùbáland...

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are significant constraints to finger millet production in Kenya, yet their diversity and distribution in the major growing regions remain poorly characterized. This study assessed the community composition, frequency, and diversity of PPNs associated with finger millet (Eleusine coracana) in Kapsowar ward, Elgeyo-Marakwet County. Soil and root samples were...

Nigerian universities have digitised their teaching, research, and library services at a remarkable pace, yet this progress carries a quiet cost. Campus networks now store sensitive research data, institutional repositories, and student records that are growing more attractive to attackers each year. Against the backdrop of Africa's Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) where inclusive innovation,...

The Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) reopens a longstanding management question in a new
technological setting: how can firms employ new technologies while preserving the social and
institutional foundations on which productive activity depends? For African economies, the
spread of digital tools is only one part of the answer. Their value depends on how far they can be
joined to knowledge...

This study investigated the influence of entrepreneurship education and mentorship on graduate employability and venture creation at Kwara State University, Malete in Nigeria. The research examined how entrepreneurship education and mentorship impact graduate employability and venture creation in a Nigerian university setting. The study used a descriptive survey research design and sampled 83...

Africa’s Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) has intensified the need for innovative, inclusive, and sustainable educational systems capable of addressing contemporary technological and socio-economic challenges. In Nigeria, Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions are expected to equip learners with relevant skills for innovation-driven development. However, the...

Worldwide, the availability of arable land and other natural resources is declining and
is projected to decline further as climate change challenges persist amid a growing
population. Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) are commercially cultivated
under soilless systems, using growing media, as they require an acidic substrate for
root and plant growth. This review investigates...

This study investigated the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in promoting inclusive and accessible education for students with visual impairments at Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria. The study specifically examined the accessibility and utilization of AI-powered screen readers, the effect of AI-assisted digital tools on literacy acquisition, and the challenges affecting the...

Casualization has become the most prevalent and persistent issues in the Nigeria academic
industries existing in both federal and state tertiary institutions in Nigeria. The high rates of
casualization of Academic and Non-Academic staff in the Nigeria universities has raised a
serious concern about the employee wellbeing and productivity. Therefore, this study focus to x-
ray the casual...

Onions (Allium cepe L.) are one of the most well-known, commonly eaten bulbs, and economically important Allium crops. Estimates of post-harvest loss in onions exceed 40%, significantly reducing farmers’ income. This research evaluates the effectiveness of some low-cost onion storage facilities. Bamboo Basket, Raffia Baskets, Mental Basket, Clay pot, Normal Sand (Sandy Soil), Sea Sand,...

Aspergillus flavus the most common grain mould fungi that results in acute form of aflatoxicosis and affects the liver and other organs leading to reduced growth rate and reproduction. The study investigated the effects of different levels of aflatoxin on growth rate, feed intake and plasma cholesterol levels of rabbits. The study had the following objectives; determine the effects of...

Competency-Based Education (CBE) has significantly reformed the education sector. This new approach not only requires well-prepared but also adequate teacher workload. Teachers being frontline implementers of the curriculum, directly shape how learners experience CBE, and their perceptions significantly influence both the delivery process and learning outcomes. In Trans-nzoia West Sub-county,...

Traditional Computer Science (CS) capstone project supervision often suffers from a "black box" syndrome, where the development process remains opaque to supervisors until the final submission. This disconnect frequently leads to severe student procrastination, poor architectural planning, and a lack of alignment with industry-standard engineering practices such as Continuous Integration (CI)...

Casualization has become the most prevalent and persistent issues in the Nigeria academic industries existing in both federal and state tertiary institutions in Nigeria with specific reference to Public Universities. This system of employment has far reaching consequences on the employee life balance as they have little or no job security, employment uncertainty and limited or no benefits in...

Agroforestry practices have demonstrated a positive contribution towards soil fertility replenishment and soil conservation, climate change mitigation and adaptation and biodiversity preservation on agricultural land. However, little is still known about the disease and pest dynamics in these systems, including Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs). The present study was carried out to characterize...

Understanding how distinct work-ethics orientations translate into improved organisational performance is especially important in public institutions, where service quality depends not only on formal duties but also on employees' discretionary conduct. This study examined the direct and indirect effects of Islamic work ethics (IWE) and conventional work ethics (CWE) on organisational...

This study examines the institutional impact of the Centre for Internationalisation and Strategic Partnership (CISP) at the University of Ilorin, Nigeria, from 2009 upto 2026. Established to propel the university into the global academic arena, CISP has served as a critical vehicle for advancing higher education excellence, fostering regional collaboration, and driving sustainable development....

Persistent underperformance in NECO SSCE Mathematics has raised concerns about the fairness of test items for different student groups in Nigeria. This study investigates Differential Item Functioning (DIF) in the 2024 NECO Mathematics multiple-choice questions to determine whether items favored certain groups. The study had three main objectives: (i) to examine gender-based DIF, (ii) to...

As global energy demand accelerates, sustainable green energy solutions are a multifaceted priority. According to Michael Grätzel, solar energy incident on Earth far exceeds global daily requirements; however, capturing this energy efficiently and sustainably remains a challenge. While silicon-based photovoltaics dominate the market, Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) offer a compelling,...

The 5th Industrial Revolution (5IR) brings together digital, biological, and physical systems, but Nigeria cannot fully take part in this transformation unless it rethinks how its university undergraduates are educated. These young people are meant to be the country's immediate future workforce, yet most of them still learn from a colonial-era curriculum that overlooks local ingenuity and does...

African food systems are under increasing pressure from climate change, land degradation, declining soil fertility, biodiversity loss, and rapid population growth, threatening progress towards food security and sustainable development. The emergence of the Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) has introduced human centered technologies including artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things,...

The spread of social media bots (automated accounts that simulate human behaviour) has drastically changed the digital information ecosystem, presenting problems like content authenticity, misinformation, and user trust. Most studies on bot activity have been in the West. Very few studies have focused on young adults of developing regions, Mostly Nigeria, on how they perceive and engage with...

Soil fertility decline is a major challenge in Hawassa Zuria District, Southern Ethiopia. Farmers practice parkland agroforestry to mitigate this problem; however, the tree species that most effectively enhance soil fertility have not yet been identified. This study therefore aimed to evaluate soil properties under three common parkland tree species such as Acacia tortilis, Croton...

Teacher’s productivity is the cornerstone of any educational system that aspires to produce citizens who are knowledgeable, skilled and globally competitive. Serious decline in teacher’s productivity in public schools has been reported by previous scholars which is attributed to lack coordinated school supervision. Therefore, this study examines the effect of supervision practices on teacher’s...

New transition metal complexes of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) were successfully synthesized with Schiff base ligands formed by the condensation of isonicotinic acid hydrazide with indoline-2,3-dione and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde. The complexes were obtained in moderate yields as coloured solids with sharp melting points. Comprehensive characterization was carried out using...

The Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) is rapidly expanding digital access across African universities, yet this transformation simultaneously exposes students to heightened risks of cyberfraud, both as victims and perpetrators. Building resilient human capital for Africa's digital future requires understanding the psycho-social competencies that protect youth from online deviance. This study...

The study examined the integration of agricultural indigenous knowledge to sustainable transition with focus on pathways for modern development in Nigeria. Agricultural production is the backbone of any productive economy. Due to the rise in population in developing countries like Nigeria there is need to advocate for sustainable transition systems in the area of agricultural farming practices...

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education has the potential to change the processes of teaching and learning especially in mathematics education where problem-solving, critical thinking and individualized learning are keys. This study analyses opinions, practices and challenges of mathematics teachers in the integration of AI tools into instructional practices in senior...

Garcinia kola Heckel (Clusiaceae) is an important African medicinal plant traditionally used for the management of diseases associated with oxidative stress. This study evaluated the phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activities of solvent fractions of Garcinia kola seeds. Dried seeds were extracted successively with n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate, ethanol and...

Africa continues to face persistent development challenges, including poverty, unemployment, inadequate educational systems, weak healthcare delivery, infrastructural deficits, and socioeconomic inequalities. In the digital age, these challenges are further exacerbated by limited access to information and communication technologies (ICTs), creating a digital divide that restricts participation...

The rapid growth in the volume of academic research outputs has created significant challenges in the efficient storage, retrieval, accessibility, and reuse of scholarly information, particularly within higher education institutions. The ability to retrieve relevant academic information at the appropriate time is essential for supporting effective research and preventing unnecessary...

Cannabis sativa has long been used ethnomedicinally for inflammation-related conditions, but the phytocompounds responsible for COX-2 and lipoxygenase inhibition remain poorly characterized. This study integrated virtual screening against COX-2 (3Q7D), 15-LOX (4NRE), and 5-LOX (6N2W), and rat paw edema models to identify anti-inflammatory leads. Dried C. sativa leaves were sequentially...

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are highly vulnerable to cyberattacks due to their decentralized architecture, dynamic topology, and resource constraints. Existing machine learning-based intrusion detection systems often prioritize overall classification accuracy while overlooking false negative errors that allow attacks to remain undetected. This paper proposes an Adaptive Error-Aware Light...

This study explored the relevance of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in explaining students’ readiness to adopt AI chatbot-based support services in Nigerian universities, with particular attention to University of Ilorin and Al-Hikmah University. The rapid integration of digital technologies in higher education has encouraged universities to introduce chatbot systems to support academic...

Anaerobic digestion is a proven technology for renewable energy production. However, its efficiency is often limited by poor hydrodynamic mixing within the digester, which results in dead zones, reduced mass transfer, and uneven substrate distribution, thus ultimately lowering methane production. This study therefore investigates the influence of hydrodynamics on mixing efficiency and...

Construction of road networks by the Kenya National Highways Authority (KeNHA) in the North Rift Region is essential for improving regional integration, trade and socio-economic growth in support of Kenya's Vision 2030. However, such projects have been plagued by issues including cost overruns, delays and quality issues. This research seeks to investigate the association between monitoring and...

Non-clinical diagnostics and predictive modeling in statistical genomics increasingly rely on artificial intelligence to extract clinically meaningful insights from high-dimensional molecular data. However, translating such models from research to practical use remains challenging due to the computational complexity of genomic datasets and the need for scalable solutions that can operate in...

Applying a socio-biological lens to Indigenous food systems reveals how dietary practices, nutritional choices, and food-related rituals emerge from intertwined biological, ecological, and cultural forces. Socio-biology links evolutionary pressures with social behavior, showing Indigenous foodways as co‑evolved systems shaped by long human–environment relationships that favor sustainability,...

The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in African universities is transforming teaching, learning, research, and administrative processes by enhancing efficiency, improving access to educational resources, and supporting data-driven decision-making. As higher education institutions across Africa increasingly integrate AI-powered tools such as intelligent tutoring systems, automated...

Numerous studies have been conducted on different themes on the economy of Ilorin in the precolonial, colonial and post-colonial periods. The contributions of the trade in second-hand commodities to the development of human lives in the present Nigerian economic realities are phenomenal. Despite the stigma and other challenges associated with the trade in used commodities, the trade in Ilorin...

Effective communication is fundamental to quality healthcare, particularly in fertility care where emotional support, informed consent, diagnosis, and treatment options depend on mutual understanding between healthcare providers and patients. However, language diversity remains a significant barrier, especially for international patients seeking fertility services in Kenya. Studies show that...

Liver cirrhosis is the end-stage consequence of chronic liver injury, characterized by progressive fibrosis, nodular regeneration, and loss of normal liver architecture and function. It results from long-standing liver inflammation and damage caused by a variety of etiologies including chronic viral hepatitis (HBV, HCV), alcohol abuse, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), autoimmune...

Liver cirrhosis is the end-stage consequence of chronic liver injury, characterized by progressive fibrosis, nodular regeneration, and loss of normal liver architecture and function. It results from long-standing liver inflammation and damage caused by a variety of etiologies including chronic viral hepatitis (HBV, HCV), alcohol abuse, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), autoimmune...

The Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) offers Africa an opportunity to drive digital transformation by centering people, indigenous knowledge, and inclusive innovation. Yet African biodiversity, cultural heritage, indigenous knowledge, and locally generated research remain fragmented across repositories, museums, libraries, and community collections, limiting discoverability, interoperability,...

This study investigated the relationship between Integrated Development Plans (IDPs) and Integrated Management Plans (IMPs) in promoting sustainable development in rural settlements adjacent to protected areas, using in Northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, as a case study. Within a constructivist/interpretive paradigm, the study employed purposive sampling using semi-structured interviews...

The argument of this paper is that one of the great missions of the church is to bring unity and peace among its membership and the larger society. Although conflicts are an inevitable and necessary feature that determine relationships within and between human communities, the church is not immune to conflicts. Deep-rooted internal conflicts inside the Seventh-day Adventist church in South...

In this paper, we formulated a mathematical model using the concept of optimal control, where the state of the system is governed by a differential equation controlled by two combatants (combatant A and combatant B) refer to as the evader and pursuer respectively, with conflicting motives. A control u(.) defines a notion where the combatant A tries to escape capture from the combatant B...

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into language work via neural machine translation (NMT), large language models (LLMs), and computer aided translation (CAT) tools is redefining translator competence. For Arabic to English translation, a language pair characterized by significant morphological, syntactic, and cultural distance, AI automates routine tasks but struggles with...

The 21st century and the future of human development are increasingly being shaped by rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) data-driven innovations which are transforming education systems, labour markets, and skills requirements worldwide. As nations seek to prepare learners for the demands of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, AI has emerged as a critical tool for enhancing...

The Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) advocates for a human-centered approach to technological advancement, emphasizing the integration of technology with societal values and sustainable development. In Africa, indigenous knowledge systems have long provided communities with solutions to challenges related to health, agriculture, environmental conservation, and conflict resolution. However,...

Zoonotic diseases pose a significant public health threat in Nigeria, particularly in Kwara State, where human-animal-environment interactions are frequent due to widespread farming and livestock rearing. Rabies, Lassa fever, and other zoonoses continue to emerge and re-emerge, highlighting the urgent need for integrated approaches like the One Health framework to assess vulnerabilities and...

This study examined the socio-technical factors influencing the uptake of photovoltaic (PV) solar energy among households in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. Using a mixed-methods research design, hypothetical data from 210 respondents were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, complemented by thematic analysis of simulated interview responses. The findings indicated that...

South African fine art education has long balanced subjective aesthetic judgement against institutional demands for transparent, defensible evaluation. Digital fabrication tools, such as FDM printing and CAD modelling, sharpen this tension by merging measurable technical skill with creative practice that resists fixed criteria, all within a context shaped by unequal resources and ongoing...

This study assessed the coping strategies employed for managing academic stress among undergraduates at the University of Ilorin, Kwara State, with specific focus on three maladaptive strategies (substance use, class absenteeism, and excessive sleeping) and two adaptive strategies (planning and time management, and family support).The study adopted a descriptive survey design and a multistage...

Climate change poses serious threats to farmers by increasing risks that directly and indirectly affect agricultural productivity, household livelihoods, and food security. In emerging economies such as Nigeria, climate variability has contributed to unstable and declining agricultural output. Farmers face challenges including erratic weather patterns, droughts, floods, and temperature...

This study sought to determine the relationship between students’ attitudes and peer influence on academic achievement in senior secondary school mathematics in Central River Region South. A correlational research design was adopted. The population comprised senior secondary school students, from which a sample of 315 students was selected from nine schools. Data were collected using a...

This study investigated the efficacy of indigenous microbial biosurfactants produced by 7 bacteria isolated from automobile workshop soils in Ilorin, Nigeria, for the bioremediation of petroleum-polluted agricultural land. Following molecular identification and screening via emulsification index (E24) and oil displacement assays, crude biosurfactants were extracted from seven isolates and...

This paper intends to examine the importance of bridging research, educational practice, and social impact in promoting inclusive and resilient higher education systems in Africa. As African societies continue to experience rapid social, economic, and technological changes, there is an increasing need for higher education institutions to become more responsive to societal demands and...

The impact of the Industrial Revolution (4th and 5th IR) necessitates the urgent need for a digitally competent and innovative administrative workforce. But, in Nigeria, there is a mismatch between the competencies required by the industries and the graduates. This study focus on the skills gap among educational administration graduates in Nigeria, and proffers innovative strategies for modern...

The quality of science education depends largely on teachers’ ability to develop learners’ science process skills. However, inadequate laboratory facilities in many Nigerian teacher-training institutions limit practical learning opportunities. This study investigated the effect of digital laboratory simulations on the acquisition of science process skills—specifically observing, measuring,...

Cypermethrin’s effects on the corpus callosum, the brain’s largest white matter tract essential for interhemispheric communication, remain unexplored, particularly regarding sex‑dependent vulnerability. We examined the effects of sub‑chronic cypermethrin exposure (6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg) on corpus callosum integrity in male and female Wistar rats, focusing on glial populations, GABAergic...

Nigeria produces over 500,000 university graduates annually, yet graduate unemployment among those under 35 exceeds 50%. Employers consistently report mismatches between certified qualifications and actual competencies, creating a paradox of mass credential production alongside widespread labour market exclusion. Despite the scale of this crisis, Nigerian policy discourse frames it narrowly as...

The fast growth of online learning environments in higher education has brought significant changes to teaching methods, student engagement, and most all, evaluation methods. Higher education institutions are facing different issues in evaluating students’ performance in digital contexts and are trying to find the balance between academic quality and equity and adaptability. This paper aims to...

In recent years, polymer-based embolisation beads have been used to deliver drugs for the treatment of cancer directly to the site of action. Known to be biocompatible implants, these beads have become an ideal drug delivery vehicle for parenteral administration, yet have not been considered for the more commonly used drug delivery routes such as oral and intramuscular drug delivery. This work...

Shortage of manpower and the quest for optimum profit maximization triggered the colonial government’s collaboration with the Christian missions in dispensing and extending the tentacles of western health care to the people. In Ilorin province and Nigeria at large, the missions shouldered the bulk of the colonial medical work and public health programs. For the first time in the history of...

Pharmaceutical effluents pose serious risks to aquatic systems and public health because they contain persistent organic pollutants, toxic metals, and active pharmaceutical compounds that are poorly removed by conventional treatment systems. This study evaluated three lime peel based filtration media (raw lime peel (LP), lime peel biochar (LB), and clay integrated lime peel biochar (CI-LB)) in...

In Sub-Saharan Africa, three-quarters percent of the population do not have access to modern energy equipment’s for use in kitchen as a result of exorbitant price per item due to inflation and taxation more so lack heating appliances in their homes instead lead a minimalist type of lifestyle. Energy access has been a topic of discussion in a number of policy and development domains due to the...

The realities of climate change have unequivocally touched on all human endeavors leading to adjustments in lifestyles and adapting to its effects. The rural people, the majority of whom the means of livelihood are particularly connected to climate related events seem to be the most vulnerable. This study aimed to examine the adaptation strategies of the inhabitants of Sentu, a rural community...

Achieving sustainable food systems in Africa requires innovative approaches that integrate scientific inquiry with community participation, experiential learning, and locally relevant solutions. Community gardens are increasingly recognized as multifunctional spaces capable of enhancing food production, improving nutrition, strengthening environmental stewardship, and promoting collaborative...

This study compared microbial contamination levels and shelf life of the raw milk along the dairy value chain in Rungwe District, Tanzania. Four (04) wards namely Ikuti, Nkunga, Lufingo, and Kiwira and three (03) milk value chains namely Value chain one (VC1), Value chain two (VC2) and Value chain three (VC3) were purposively selected in this study. One hundred and seventy-six (176) milk...

One challenge faced by those who learn and teach statistics in Africa is that most statistics textbooks are written and published in the Global North, and consequently, most of the datasets used in the examples and exercises are from Global North contexts. This creates a challenge in making statistics relevant and interesting to students when the context of the dataset, and other features such...

Water scarcity is a challenge in South Africa. Large water-consuming institutions, such as universities, are under pressure to implement effective water conservation strategies. This study assessed the current understanding and effectiveness of water conservation practices at a university of technology in South Africa. An online survey was conducted among 102 students and staff. This was...

Agriculture remains a cornerstone of Nigeria's economy. However, post-harvest losses of perishable farm produce continue to undermine food security, reduce smallholder farmers' incomes, and impede sustainable agricultural development. These losses are largely attributed to inadequate market access, fragmented distribution systems, and limited digital integration across agricultural value...

In this era of great increase in knowledge, competencies, skills, in all facets of life, educational advancement becomes necessary to avoid stagnation and obsolesce in one’s area of specialization. Educational advancement may be pursuing higher degrees like Masters, Ph.D and to another it may be professional development- career progression and promotion with global research impact to stay...

Infertility remains a major reproductive health challenge worldwide, with disruption of the estrous cycle contributing to impaired female reproductive function. The increasing cost, limited accessibility and adverse effects associated with conventional fertility therapies have stimulated interest in medicinal plants as alternative therapeutic agents. This study evaluated the effect of...

The growing integration of digital technologies into higher education has increased undergraduates’ exposure to cyber threats such as phishing, ransomware, cyber spoofing, and malicious encryption. Although digital platforms have enhanced teaching and learning, many students still lack the practical cybersecurity competencies needed to recognize and respond effectively to online threats. This...

The Kenyan retail supermarket sector has experienced considerable turbulence, with once-dominant chains collapsing despite initial rapid expansion. This has necessitated investigation into alternative strategies that could enhance supermarket performance. This study specifically examined the effect of green procurement on the performance of registered supermarkets in Kenya. Grounded in...

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of reverse logistics on Performance of Registered Supermarkets in Kenya. The study was anchored on Circular Economy theory. This study adopted descriptive and correlational research designs. The pragmatism research philosophy was adopted. The unit of analysis was the 31 supermarkets registered by the Retail Trade Association of Kenya. The...

Sub-Theme: Natural resources, climate change, and sustainable development
Rural–urban migration continues to affect the availability of agricultural labour in rural communities, with significant implications for farm productivity, household livelihoods, and rural food security. This study examined the effect of rural–urban migration on agricultural labour supply among farming households in...

Feminist pedagogy advocates teaching and learning approaches that emphasize participation, dialogue, reflexivity, inclusivity, and the co-construction of knowledge. Although feminist theory is frequently taught in higher education, there remains a need for pedagogical interventions that extend learning beyond traditional lectures and create opportunities for students to engage critically with...

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a pivotal role in the economic development of Kenya owing to their contribution to employment creation, income generation and economic growth. However, many SMEs still have a high failure rate, which is linked to poor financial risk management practices, which is often attributed to low financial literacy of the SME owners. The research was an...

Africa’s Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) demands a paradigm shift toward human-centric, bio-harmonious health innovations that safeguard community well-being and ecological systems. Evaluating the neuro-metabolic safety profiles of mass-distributed synthetic contraceptives, such as Levonorgestrel (LNG), is a critical priority under the ‘One Health’ framework. This study investigates the...

Bone meal is valuable by product of the livestock industry widely used as a source of essential minerals in animal feed and organic fertilizers. However, the mechanical properties and nutritional composition of bone meal is significantly influenced by the type of bone tissue, processing conditions (heat treatment and duration), particularly in low-resource settings where temperature regulation...

Access to safe drinking water remains a pressing challenge across rural South Africa, where resource constraints severely limit the frequency and coverage of water quality monitoring. The Water Quality Index (WQI), while providing an accessible summary metric of water safety, requires extensive laboratory analyses, limiting its operational scalability. This study develops, validates, and...

This study evaluates the sustainability of Kenya’s public debt within the framework of the 2026 Medium-Term Debt Management Strategy (MTDS), which guides fiscal policy for the FY 2026/27–2028/29 period. As of March 2026, Kenya’s public debt stands at KSh 12.83 trillion, equivalent to 70.2% of GDP, necessitating a strategic pivot toward fiscal consolidation. The 2026 MTDS mandates a shift in...

Bamboo has been designated Kenya's 16th scheduled cash crop since 2020, yet enterprise uptake in smallholder farmlands remains constrained despite its potential for climate resilience, livelihood diversification, and contribution to national development goals. Guided by Sustainable Rural Livelihoods, this study investigated factors influencing bamboo enterprise uptake in Busia and Elgeyo...

Rapid social transformation and migration in Nigeria have dramatically reshaped family structures and the level of care provided to older adults, raising salient questions about aging and support systems. This paper examines how family change and distance shape the actual caregiving process for older adults in selected local governments in Kwara State. In-depth interviews were conducted with...

The Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) emphasizes human-centered innovation, inclusivity, and sustainable development. In this context, foreign language competence has become an increasingly important determinant of employability in the global labour market. As economies become more interconnected through technological advancement and digital transformation, multilingual proficiency offers...

Mathematical frameworks that effectively represent both historical memory e
effects and regional system changes are necessary for modeling the non-linear dynamics of infectious illnesses. The parameters required to account for the hereditary features and localized transmission fluctuations observed in public health data streams throughout Sub-Saharan Africa are frequently absent from...

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Nigeria. Delayed diagnosis contributes significantly to late presentation and poor survival outcomes. Understanding awareness, beliefs, and attitudes is crucial for promoting early diagnosis, which is directly associated with improved survival. This study aimed to explore awareness and practice of breast cancer screening,...

The increasing movement of young Africans from the continent in search of better living conditions has increasingly transformed into horrible life experiences, as many fall into the hands of transnational human trafficking networks that exploit young Africans for profit across international borders. This has become one of the most disturbing challenges of the 21st century. The activities of...

The Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) emphasizes human-centric, intelligent collaboration between humans and machines, with Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a transformative force in education. While developed nations are leveraging AI for personalized learning and smart administration, Nigerian universities continue to face unresolved challenges of Information and Communication Technology...

Cook's distance remains one of the most widely used case-deletion diagnostics for locating influential observations in regression analysis, yet its ordinary least squares formulation is not well suited to panel data in which observations are correlated within units and across time. This article develops and evaluates a generalized Cook's distance for two-way random effects panel data models...

Digital transformation and financial technology (FinTech) are increasingly being considered as key to inclusive and sustainable development, especially in the emerging economies where access to the traditional financial systems has been low. Although there is an increasing interest in digital finance, there is scanty empirical data on the interaction between digital transformation and FinTech...

The increasing burden of oxidative stress-related diseases and growing concerns over the safety of synthetic antioxidants have renewed interest in indigenous medicinal plants as sustainable sources of therapeutic agents. This study evaluated the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of Picralima nitida, a medicinal plant widely used in African traditional medicine. Dried plant...

Liver disease poses a persistent global health challenge, causing approximately two million deaths annually. This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of Ocimum gratissimum essential oil (OGEO) in a thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury model in Wistar rats, combining chemical profiling, in vitro bioassays, and in vivo biochemical, inflammatory, apoptotic, and histopathological...

The emergent nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have detrimental effect on aquatic organisms when indiscriminately discharged into water body. Accumulation of these nanoparticles in fish tissues could have potential adverse effects on vital organs in fish. The histopathological effect of ZnO-NPs on the endocrine glands and implication on hormonal levels and growth responses of juveniles of hybrid...

Africa's Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) demands education systems that foster inclusive innovation, human-centered development, and sustainable transformation while integrating indigenous knowledge and emerging technologies. However, education in many African countries, including The Gambia and Nigeria, continues to be characterized by predominantly teacher-centered approaches, fragmented...

There is persistent concern over the quality of university lecturers’ instructional delivery in Southwest, Nigeria, despite the expectation that lecturers should demonstrate effective teaching through modern pedagogical strategies, active student engagement, and the integration of instructional technologies. This situation raises questions about the extent to which human capital development...

A high-resolution numerical investigation using hybrid Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) coupled with the Finite Difference Method (FDM) is presented on the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) forced convection flow with thermal radiation in a permeable channel with obstacles. The fluid flow within the permeable medium is modeled by the extended Brinkman–Forchheimer equations of motion. The...

Artists in the Vaal Region continue to occupy what may be described as the cultural margins of South African art. Despite active visual and performance art practices, artists from the region remain largely invisible within national art discourse due to limited exhibition opportunities, inadequate curatorial engagement, and exclusion from dominant art historical narratives. While the Vaal is...

This study examines the effects of post-deposition annealing in oxygen (O2) and nitrogen (N2) atmospheres on the structural and surface properties of RF-sputtered Tb4O7 thin films deposited on silicon (Si). Films annealed at 500 °C were compared with an unannealed reference sample. GIXRD analysis reveals that annealing improves crystallinity and promotes grain growth while preserving the cubic...

Malaria remains a major parasitic disease of global health importance, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where it is endemic. Emerging evidence suggests that beyond its systemic effects, malaria infection may adversely affect male reproductive function through inflammatory injury, endocrine disruption, and oxidative stress. However, the mechanisms linking malaria to male fertility impairment...

This study looked at the Impact of Security Management Practices on Human Capital Development and Students Safety in Tertiary Institutions in Kogi State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was adopted for this study. The population of the study comprise of all the 114,000 academic and administrative staff across all the eleven (11) tertiary institutions in Kogi State. The sample is three...

Millions of people in Northern Nigeria rely on the informal sector as their major source of income, but because they are routinely shut out of official credit and insurance markets, these workers are disproportionately vulnerable to financial shock. This study explores how behavioral finance and inclusive fintech may work together to help this group become more financially resilient. Although...

Crop recommendation system an innovation in precision agriculture, plays a critical role in improving productivity by identifying suitable crops based on soil and climatic conditions. This study presents a comparative analysis of supervised machine learning algorithms for innovative crop recommendation using agro-environmental parameters, including Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, temperature,...

Promoting environmental, social, and economic sustainability through formal education has made Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) a top global priority. The low level of research output from developing nations, especially in Africa, has raised concerns about the uneven global production of research on integrating ESD into school curricula. A bibliometric analysis of international...

This study examines the integration of inquiry-based learning (IBL) with digital tools in Arabic language education as a strategy for preparing African secondary school students for the demands of the Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR). As 5IR emphasizes human-centered innovation, critical thinking, and inclusive knowledge systems, there is a growing need to transform traditional...

Interior panels manufactured from foams and synthetic fibres consume significant amounts of energy during production, are non-biodegradable, and are difficult to recycle. On the other hand, agricultural waste continues to accumulate as the population increases. Natural fibres and agricultural residues are increasingly being incorporated into engineering applications because their mechanical...

The purpose of the study was to investigate the psychological factors contributing to the persistence of strikes in Public Boarding Secondary schools in Keiyo sub-county, Elgeyo Marakwet county, Kenya. The study was based on the Frustration-Aggression Theory by Dollard et al. (1939), which posits that aggression is always a consequence of frustration, occurring when a highly desired goal is...

This study examined the extent to which principals’ leadership styles and emotional intelligence predict teachers’ job performance in public senior secondary schools in Ogun West Senatorial District, Nigeria. Effective school leadership significantly influences teachers’ motivation, instructional delivery, job satisfaction, and productivity, while emotional intelligence enhances leadership...

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education across Sub-Saharan African schools continues to be undermined by students’ under-performance, manifested in weak retention and noticeable disconnect between classroom content and learners’ cultural background. This is evident in recent regional public examination outcomes in the core science subjects as Chemistry, Physics,...

Lobostemon fruticosus (L.) H. Buek is an indigenous medicinal shrub widely used in traditional medicine in South Africa. This study investigated the phytochemical diversity and chemotypic variation of wild L. fruticosus populations collected from Rhodes Memorial, Doringrivier, and Grootnek fontein in the Western Cape Province. Leaf extracts were analysed using ultra-performance liquid...

Flood risk forecasting stands at a critical juncture, as the escalating frequency of extreme weather events, driven by climate change, outpaces the capabilities of conventional hydrological models, particularly in data-sparse regions. There is also an observable gap in the uptake of meteorological predictions by local stakeholders, partly due to prediction unreliability and the process’s...

The cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of metal complexes can be systematically tuned through deliberate modulation of ligand denticity, donor atom composition, and electronic configuration. In this study, a series of novel mixed-ligand nickel(II) and zinc(II) complexes incorporating 6-mercaptopurine and ascorbic acid were prepared, and their structures were elucidated by a...

Dairy technology adoption offers an important pathway for improving smallholder productivity, household income, and food security in sub-Saharan Africa. This study modelled the drivers of dairy technology adoption among dairy value chain actors in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design involved 355 participants from Ainabkoi, Kapseret, and Moiben...

Forest canopies regulate atmospheric airflow, turbulence, heat transfer, moisture transport and carbon dioxide exchange, thereby influencing local climate. However, accurately representing canopy–atmosphere interactions remain challenging because of vegetation drag and turbulent mixing. Mathematical modelling based on the Navier–Stokes equations provide a physically consistent framework for...

Arabic and Islamic education remains central to intellectual formation and moral cultivation in Muslim societies. However, contemporary Arabic and Islamic schools, whether informal, formal, or institutional, face structural, curricular, administrative, and sectarian challenges that undermine their holistic mandate. This article develops a comprehensive analytical framework for understanding...

Mopane worms (Gonimbrasia belina) are a good source of key nutrients and have been known to make significant contributions to the diets of sub-Saharan African communities. However, an in-depth characterisation with respect to their nutritional and functional properties remains scant. This study investigated the nutritional composition, techno‑functional attributes, physicochemical properties,...

This study intends to ascertained level of awareness and implementation of artificial intelligence tools among Office Technology and Management Students for effective instructional delivery in Polytechnics in Kano State. Two research questions and two null hypotheses will guide the study. The population comprised all National Diploma Students of Federal and State Polytechnics having the total...

Rapid urbanization and increasing vehicle populations have intensified traffic congestion, leading to substantial economic losses, environmental degradation, and reduced mobility. Understanding and mitigating these challenges require mathematically rigorous models capable of capturing the nonlinear interactions that govern traffic dynamics. Although nonlinear differential equation models have...

Anaerobic co-digestion offers an integrated route for renewable energy generation and organic-waste management, but digestion of protein-rich fish offal is frequently constrained by rapid acidification, volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation and pH instability. These challenges are particularly relevant in Kenya, where bioenergy remains a major component of final energy demand even as...

This study investigates the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in optimizing transportation networks within Edo State, Nigeria, with the aim of improving mobility efficiency, reducing travel costs, and enhancing regional accessibility. The research integrates spatial datasets, including road network shapefiles, traffic volume data, and satellite imagery, to develop a...

The discharge of untreated industrial wastewater containing cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb) that cause development of kidney disease in human into the environment has become a major public health and ecological concern. Conventional treatment methods are often expensive, inefficient at low concentrations and generate secondary pollutants. Therefore, the need for development of...

University students in Nigeria are faced with numerous psychological and social challenges. The challenges include geographical relocation, financial constraints, academic stress, peer pressure and social adjustment. These challenges sometimes lead to health crises, academic failure, low morale, poor self-esteem and mental disorder. Therefore, this paper examines the promotion of holistic...

This study examines the provision of resources and services in public libraries as strategic instruments for promoting business development, entrepreneurship, and innovation in Kano State, Nigeria. In Kano State, public libraries provide a range of services including access to print and electronic information resources, reference and advisory services, ICT facilities, and educational programs...

Pisum sativum (Green pea) is an exotic vegetable grown for food and contains polyphenol (called coumestrol), which protects against stomach cancer. Seeds of Pisum sativum were analyzed for proximate, antioxidant capacity, and mineral composition using standard analytical methods. The proximate analysis showed the presence of carbohydrate (51.56%), crude protein (22.18%), crude fiber (12.67%),...

Small businesses in the Western Cape operate within structurally constrained and volatile market conditions, where reinvestment decisions are pivotal to sustaining competitiveness and long-term viability. Despite its strategic importance, reinvestment behaviour remains inconsistently applied and theoretically underdeveloped in small business literature. Prevailing frameworks tend to assume...

Artificial Intelligence has become the dominant paradigm for understanding and engineering intelligent systems. Despite extraordinary advances in computation, prediction, and automation, many of today's most pressing challenges—including declining institutional trust, social fragmentation, ecological instability, and increasingly complex human–technology interactions—remain resistant to purely...

Twin constraints of recurrent drought and phosphorus (P)-deficient soils slash upland rice yields across smallholder farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa, yet no study has characterised Kenyan germplasm for combined drought-phosphorus stress tolerance. We screened 96 upland rice genotypes using a citizen-science phenotyping framework that bridges precision laboratory methods with indigenous...

The Global Goals, that are known as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), include ending extreme poverty, giving people better healthcare, peace, education, economic growth etc, were outlined by United Nation in 2015 with a mandate before member countries to commit themselves to the 17 life-changing goals and improve the lives of their citizens by 2030. Nigeria scholars particularly,...

Contemporary education faces interconnected challenges, including the global learning crisis, declining learner well-being, climate change, rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI), and the growing demand for twenty-first century competencies. Although educational neuroscience has deepened understanding of how biological, cognitive, emotional, social, and environmental factors influence...

Using Liberian novelist Elma Shaw’s Redemption Road as a stepping-stone, this paper sets out to delve into the vexed issue of justice in the aftermath of war. The article argues that the advent of a lasting peace in war-torn countries oftentimes hinges on how powers that be elect to handle past wrongs and injustices. Contentious debates play out as to what to give precedence over: restorative...

This article explores the impact of bad governance on brain drain, with a particular focus on Nigerian students' pursuit of higher education abroad. The consistent loss of its best brains through either choice or forceful move to other countries better equipped to house professionals and scholars has become a worrisome trend undermining Nigeria’s development. Some of the reasons for Nigerians...

This study evaluated the effects of untreated, composted, and incinerated animal wastes on the physicochemical properties, microbiological safety, nutritional quality, growth, and yield of Talinum triangulare (waterleaf), while assessing farmers’ awareness, utilization patterns, and perceptions of manure management. Physicochemical analyses showed that untreated wastes contained high moisture...

Mining activities have significantly increased in Jema’a Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria, due to the abundance of mineral resources. While these activities contribute to local economic growth and means of livelihood, they have also generated concerns in terms of ecological degradation and the well-being of host communities. This study examines the socio-economic and...

The conversation around citizen science in Africa has largely been dominated by frameworks borrowed from the natural and social sciences, often sidelining the rich, embodied knowledge practices that communities have sustained for generations. This paper argues that Theatre for Development (TfD), as practised in rural Nigerian communities, functions as a legitimate and undertheorised mode of ...

Cape Town is undergoing significant urban transformation driven by tourism growth and the rise of digital nomadism. This includes extended rental stays and forms of urban tourism facilitated by digital platforms. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, digital nomadism has been enabled by tourism recovery strategies and evolving visa frameworks, intensifying the use of short-term rental platforms...

Trade unions, representing a significant portion of the workforce, play a critical role in advocating for workers’ rights, negotiating better wages, and promoting policies that can alleviate food insecurity, the research showcase the impact of Trade unionism and high cost of food stuff in Africa, the Nigeria experience 2020-2023. This paper examines the intricate relationship between trade...

Despite the growing recognition of the farmer-herder conflict in Nigeria as a critical threat to livelihoods and social cohesion, there remains limited understanding of how intergroup interactions and trust shape conflict dynamics and household welfare outcomes, particularly food security and mental health in rural Nigeria. This observational study therefore analyzed how farmer-herder...